I want to look at a slightly higher level of magnification now and think about different kinds of cellular communication.

我现在想讲一些较高水平的放大机制,并思考不同种类的细胞通讯

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

This is a signal - this passing of phosphorous - is a signal that's used very frequently in intracellular communication.

这是一种信号,一种通过磷酸来传递的信号,这种信号在细胞内通讯时经常被用到

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, what this enables these cells to do is to communicate with very specific other regions of the nervous system.

现在,细胞就能够,同神经系统其他特定区域进行通讯

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Then we're going to talk about two physiological systems just briefly, where cell communication sort of dominates the behavior of the organ.

然后我将简要地讲到两个生理系统,主要是讲细胞通讯控制器官活动的方式

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I don't need to say too much probably about why cells need to communicate with each other but this is a schematic version.

我可能无需讲太多关于,细胞之间需要通讯的原因,这是一张示意图

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Cell communication and immunology is what we're going to - is the topic for this week.

细胞通讯和免疫学,是我们本周要讲的主题

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

One kind of cellular communication occurs by similar mechanisms to what we were talking about.

细胞通讯中的一种,与我刚才讲过的信号转导的机制相似

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The topic for this week is cell communication: how mechanisms that cells within a complex organism use to communicate with each other at short distances or long distances.

本周的主题是细胞通讯,即在一个复杂机体中的细胞,采用何种交流机制,在或长或短的距离中相互联系

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Okay, today we're going to continue to talk about cell communication.

好的,今天我们继续谈谈细胞通讯

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So one way that neurons, in particular, are able to communicate with other cells in the nervous system, share information, integrate information, decide what to do next is that they are physically connected to other different cells.

所以神经细胞之所以能够,与神经系统中其他细胞通讯,分享信息,整合信息,从而决定下一步该做什么,是由于不同细胞间,是彼此连接在一起的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We're going to talk in some detail, not a very high level of detail, but in some detail about how this communication takes place between cells and how the information is passed down one of these cells today.

我们还要讨论些细节问题,但不是太深,今天只讲细胞间通讯的发生原理,和信息怎样从一个细胞传递到另一个细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Again, the point today is not for you to understand in detail all these mechanisms but to understand how those basic concepts we talked about last time, basic concepts of cell communication if arranged in the right kinds of ways can lead to complex outcomes.

再说一次 今天的重点不是,要你理解这些机制的细节,而是借此理解上节课讲的基本概念,细胞通讯的基本概念如果安排得当,可以产生非常复杂的反应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I did want to say a little bit more about kinases because they're so important in intracellular communication and kinases take advantage of the fact that proteins can often exist in more than one state, and that's what makes them useful molecules inside cells.

关于激酶我想再多讲一点,因为它们对细胞内通讯十分重要,因为激酶的优越之处在于,这种蛋白通常不只有一种状态,这也令它们在细胞中的用处极大

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选