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If this plate has Ampicillin in it, then the only cells that would be able to grow here are cells that have resistance to Ampicillin.
如果培养基上有氨苄青霉素,那么能在这里生长的,只有那些对氨苄青霉素有抗性的细胞
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Here is a thin membrane, it's a polymer scaffold, and on that polymer scaffold scientists have placed some skin cells and they've allowed it to grow.
这是一张薄膜,它是一个聚合物支架,在这个支架上,科学家放了一些皮肤细胞,并让它们生长
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This property of cells in culture is called anchorage dependence - that the cell needs to be anchored to a surface in order to function properly.
体外培养细胞的这种特性,称为贴壁依赖性--,意思是细胞必须固定在,某个表面上才能正常生长
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They're fully functional organisms that can reproduce on their own, and they can start growing outside of any cell and that's what they do, they live extracellularly.
细菌可是麻雀虽小五脏俱全,它们能够凭借自身繁殖,可以在任意一个细胞外开始增殖,它们就是这样做的,在细胞外生长繁殖
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and if you design a drug that blocks estrogen interaction you stop growth.
如果能够设计一种药物阻断雌激素的作用,就能阻止细胞生长
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So, reproduction, proliferation, cell growth happens and then those cells become more differentiated.
所以 繁殖 扩增 细胞开始生长,然后这些细胞开始分化
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Remember when I showed you that picture of cells attached to plastic a few minutes ago; I said those were fibroblasts that were growing on a culture dish.
还记得我几分钟前我给你们看的,细胞黏附在塑料片上的图片吧,我说过那是,生长在培养皿中的成纤维细胞
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It's a picture of cells actually growing and moving in cell culture.
这幅图是真实细胞,在细胞培养液中生长和运动的样子
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Estrogen is a natural signal for cells to grow.
雌激素是一类细胞生长信号
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Some will be growing very rapidly, some will be growing less rapidly, and what this equation shows you here or that rate of growth the to the doubling time of cells.
有些会生长得更快些,有的慢一些,而这个方程告诉你,即生长的速率和细胞倍增的时间联系起来
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It's a natural signal for cells to grow.
它能够促进细胞生长
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Even if that beaker had all the nutrients that skin cells needed they wouldn't survive very well in solution, they tend to need to be stuck to a surface in order to survive.
即使供给它们所有所需的养分,它们也不能在溶液中正常存活,皮肤细胞倾向于贴壁生长
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