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We talked about mitosis last time; it's described more completely in the chapter, where two cells are formed from one.
我们上节课说到过有丝分裂,在那一章里更详细的阐释了,细胞是怎么由一生二的
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Mitosis is an orderly sequence of events by which one parent cell becomes two daughter cells.
有丝分裂是指一个亲代细胞,变为两个子细胞的有序的过程
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Mitosis is one event that happens during this larger event called the cell cycle.
有丝分裂就是发生在,较大的细胞周期中的一个小一点的环节
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It's time for you to reproduce', and so the cellular response would be mitosis.
该是复制的时候了",细胞就开始进行有丝分裂
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When I talked about mitosis, I talked about cells making perfect copies of each other, so each parent cell becoming two daughter cells that are the same.
我讲有丝分裂的时候,谈到过细胞能够完美的复制自己,母细胞分裂成为,两个完全一样的子细胞
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The size of the cells could be different; maybe mitosis is asymmetrical in some way so that one of the cells ends up being bigger than the other.
细胞大小可能会不同,也许有丝分裂的过程是不对称的,致使子细胞一个大一个小
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What happens during mitosis is that the cell is able to separate this double set of chromosomes into two sets and that happens in a way that's shown in this cartoon here.
当细胞有丝分裂时,细胞将其分开形成两组染色体,如下图所示
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It's usually shown like a clock is shown here, where time 0, which is at the top here is right at the end of mitosis where you have two new cells that are formed.
通常会用一个类似时钟的图来图示,0时刻,在最上端 为上次有丝分裂终点,代表两个新细胞刚刚形成
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If mitosis occurs the way that it's supposed to, the DNA that's in each of these cells is the same.
如果有丝分裂的过程按部就班地进行,那所有细胞的DNA都是相同的
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Several things happen during mitosis, first, when a cell enters the process of mitosis it already has twice the DNA that it needs.
有丝分裂中有几个重要的步骤,首先,当细胞进入有丝分裂过程,细胞中已含有两倍于其正常所需的DNA
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So before a cell enters mitosis it has to have synthesized its DNA so it has two copies of all of its chromosomes.
所以在进入有丝分裂之前,细胞必须先合成DNA,所以它含有两套染色体拷贝
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