Then we're going to talk about two physiological systems just briefly, where cell communication sort of dominates the behavior of the organ.

然后我将简要地讲到两个生理系统,主要是讲细胞通讯控制器官活动的方式

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

At the center of our sense of hearing is a very interesting cell.

人类的听觉器官中,有一种非常有趣的细胞。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

We talked about last time that part of the process of going from this single cell to multi cellular many celled organisms like we are is cell division.

我们上节课说过,从一个单细胞分裂形成大量细胞,构成的器官的过程,叫做细胞分裂

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

What if we could just take a few cells from that donor organ, ship them to the site, grow a new organ at the site and then implant it there?

如果我们只需,从供体器官中取一些细胞,把他们放到适当的位置培养出新的器官,就完成了移植过程,这又意味着什么

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The main function of all your cells, and all your tissues, and all your organs is to maintain this homeostasis, which allows you to live in a changing environment.

你所有细胞,所有的组织,所有的器官最主要的功能,就是维护这个内稳态,使你能够以不变应万变

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

A progenitor cell, the definition, it just means it can generate the cells that are typical of that tissue or that organ, so it's capable of becoming these mature classes of cells.

祖细胞的定义就是,它能产生那个器官或者组织内的,所有的典型细胞,所以它可以成为那一类的成熟细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Organs grown from single cells.

就是将单个细胞培育成为器官

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's harder to find, they're more limited numbers, and in general, more difficult until eventually down this pathway you have fully differentiated cells, cells that are fully mature and performing the function of the mature organ.

不过找起来更困难,因为它们数量稀少而且通常很难定位,在分化的终末阶段,你可以看到完全分化的细胞,这些细胞完全成熟,在成熟的器官中发挥功能

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If you take an organ from one person and put it in another, if their MHC molecules don't match then the immune system recognizes the immune system of the host recognizes 'this is not the right MHC for me' and the immune tries to destroy those cells.

如果将器官从一个人移植到另一个人,免疫系统识别出MHC分子并不匹配,宿主的免疫系统就会说,这不是我的MHC,免疫系统就会试着摧毁移植器官的细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选