They often involve the generation of what are called 'second messenger' molecules which carry the signal further into the cell.

过程中通常会生成一种叫做,第二信使的分子,将信号更深入地传递至细胞内部

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That signal is carried here, for example, by the concentration of second messengers - the concentration of something else.

这里这个信号由,第二信使的浓度,即另一种物质的浓度来传递

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This is another example of a second messenger, the inositol lipid pathway.

这是另一个第二信使的例子,磷酸肌醇信号通路

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Sometimes second messengers collect signals from a variety of different receptor systems, translate them into one kind of internal change, and the cell then just has to know about that one thing changing.

第二信使分子能够收集,来自不同受体系统的信号,将它们转化为同一种细胞内在的变化,这样细胞就只需对一种变化作出反应

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