So that what's new in Saussure's thinking about the relationship between signified and signifier is that the sign tied up in this relationship is both arbitrary and differential.

这就是索绪尔所贡献的了,能指和所指的关系,也就是符号的组成方式,是任意的，有差别的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

A sign, in other words, is made up of two sides in, as it were, a thought moment: a relationship between that which is signified and that which signifiesit.

所以，一个符号是由两面组成的，想一想，能指和所指,的关系。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

He says: he signification "sign" has always been comprehended and determined, in its sense, as sign-of, signifier referring to a signified, signifier different from its signified.

他说，“符号“的意义“,总是被理解和决定的，在符号这个意义上，能指指向所指，能指与它的所指不同。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选