The "but" is that there are other ways we could model imperfect competition, and, as we're going to see today, they yield different answers.

但是"是指,通过其它方式也能获得不完全竞争模型,并且,就像我们今天会看到的,它们会产生不同的结论

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

the project is related to modeling firm competition and electricity spot markets.

公司间竞争以及电力市场模型项目。

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So leaving aside the specific example of beer, you think about some product that has some dimension on which it varies, and we can use this model to see how competition is going to work in that market.

把啤酒的例子放在一边,你们自己想一些在某种程度上,有所不同的产品,我们使用这个模型来研究,这个市场的竞争是怎样的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选