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Firms in perfect competition are price takers: they don't particularly have to worry about the actions of their competitors.
这些企业是价格接受者,他们不必担心,他们的竞争对手的策略
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This is not a perfectly competitive market, but if it were, that's where price is going to end up.
这个案例的情况不是完全竞争市场,但是如果是,这个就是最终的价格
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Price competition two firms competing with one another in prices can have a Prisoners' Dilemma aspect about it.
价格竞争,两家互相打价格战的企业,可能会陷入囚徒困境
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If they're not at the competitive output they could undercut price and take the entire market.
如果他们不按照完全竞争产量生产,就可以通过降低价格来抢占市场
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So new and a competitive fringe of firms is going to enter and drive prices down.
大批新公司的进入引入了竞争机制,压低了市场价格
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They would be lower than the monopoly prices, but higher than the perfect competitive prices.
它们比垄断下的价格低,但比完全竞争下的价格高
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In a perfectly competitive market that's exactly where prices are going to end up.
在完全竞争市场中,这就是最终的市场价格
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The Cournot was competing in quantities and Bertrand is competing in prices.
古诺是在产量上竞争,而伯川德是在价格上竞争
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How does this quantity compare and how do therefore the prices compare, and how do profits compare with monopoly prices on the one hand, and competitive prices on the other?
第一,该产量下的价格,产出,和垄断价格,产出相比有何不同,和完全竞争价格又有什么不同呢
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Consequently, prices are going to go the other way and consequently prices are going to be highest under monopoly, lowest on the competition, and somewhere in between in this Cournot situation.
相应的,价格则呈相反趋势,垄断情况下的价格最高,完全竞争情况下的价格最低,古诺均衡时价格处于两者之间
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So even though there's only two firms here, with price competition, identical products, we end up with an outcome that looks exactly like perfect competition, except for the fact there's only two firms.
尽管这里只有两家公司,进行某种产品的价格竞争,我们得到了,和完全竞争非常相似的结果,除了只有两家公司这个事实
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The point is that in this game in which firms competed in prices, even though there were only two firms in the market, only one firm more than monopoly, we get a dramatically different result than we had last time.
重点是这个公司进行价格竞争的博弈,尽管博弈中只有两家公司,仅仅比垄断情况下多了一家,我们得到了与上次完全不同的结果
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