And scientists have been working on this for years and there's been progress, but it's still a very difficult challenge.
科学家们对此已经研究很久了,并取得了进展,但仍有很大挑战
Researchers and scientists have been able to improve quality of life recently exponentially
研究者和科学家能够大幅度提高人类的生活质量,
In fact, the people who have been most important in understanding how the innate immune system works are people here at Yale.
事实上 在研究先天免疫系统,反应机理中,最重要的科学家就在耶鲁
But this is, in fact, an area on which scientists work.
但事实上,这却是科学家研究的领域
There was a set of scientists interested in studying tickling.
很多科学家对研究挠痒痒非常感兴趣
Even while Aristotle may deny that there is a single method appropriate to the study of politics he proposes a set of common questions that political scientists have to address.
且总是时有变迁,虽然亚里士多德,可能否定有单一方法适合研究政治,但他却也提出一套通用的问题,政治科学家必需加以探讨。
Another famous study was called The Seven Country Study done by a researcher at The University of Minnesota named Ancel Keyes. Now he was very well known -he was a very good scientist and known for two different kinds of studies, much different from one another.
另外一个著名研究叫做七国研究,是由明尼苏达大学一位,叫安塞尔.凯斯的研究员主持的,他现在是一位非常出色的科学家,他主要因为两项不同的研究为人所知,那是两个很不一样的研究
Drugs like antibiotics, Penicillin, Erythromycin, again something else you probably all had experience with and you think well that's not Biomedical Engineering that's science, that's somebody discovering a molecule that kills microorganisms.
像抗生素,青霉素和红霉素这样的药物,你们都用过这些药,你不认为这属于生物医学工程的研究范围,而认为是科学的产物,科学家发现这种分子能够杀灭微生物
And some computer scientists have developed this.
这是有些计算机科学家研究出来的。
If a case of polio emerged in the community, the chances that it could spread to other children or to your child were high; so, great interest in this in the early part of this century.
如果在某个社区出现一例脊髓灰质炎患儿,那么你的孩子或者更多别的孩子,被传染的几率非常高,所以 二十世纪初的科学家们,热衷于研究脊髓灰质炎
They come so instinctively and easily it's difficult, and sort of unnatural, to step back and explore them scientifically but if we're going to be scientists and look at the mind from a scientific perspective we have to get a sort of distance from ourselves and ask questions that other people would not normally think to ask.
他们来得如此本能,容易,这是困难的,有某种超自然韵味,退后,从科学角度研究他们,但如果我们打算成为科学家,从科学角度,看待心理,我们需同我们自身保持某种距离,问问题,问其他人通常不想问的。
The mad scientist has kidnapped you and he says: I've been working on mind transfer machines.
一个疯狂科学家绑架了你,他说:,我一直在研究意识转移机器。
If babies are like--If babies also think it shouldn't happen, they might look longer, and essentially what happens is scientists do magic tricks to explore this very thing.
如果婴儿也觉得该事物出乎意料,那么他们会注视的更久,基本上科学家们,就是通过魔术技巧来进行研究
There are a number of different methods that scientists use to see what foods are related to particular health outcomes, and we won't go through all of them but I will -over the course of the class we'll talk about various methods, but I'd like to talk about two primary ones today.
科学家有很多不同的方法,来研究食物与健康的关系,我们不会一一提及但我会,这门课上我们会提到很多方法,但我今天只想说两大重要方法
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