We looked at the wave functions, we know the other part of solving the Schrodinger equation is to solve for the binding energy of electrons to the nucleus, so let's take a look at those.

我们看过波函数，我们知道解,薛定谔方程的其他部分,就是解对于原子核的电子结合能，所以我们来看一看。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

They're friends of mine. And you know, they've showed them to me and they're really cool,

我的朋友也使用这种电子书阅读器。他们将这些电子书展示给我看，真的很酷，

我的爱好是读书 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

But can you see that the centers of electron deficiency lie on a sphere equidistant from the center?

但你看得到么,缺电子的地方分布在,与中心等距的一个球面上？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

I wanted to just show you a plot that you already saw in your-- if you looked on the spreadsheet that I had up.

来看看一个图表,你们应该已经看过,如果你们看了我上传的电子表格

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And we can look at precisely why that is by looking at the equations for the energy levels for a hydrogen atom versus the multi-electron atom. So, for a hydrogen atom, and actually for any one electron atom at all, this is our energy or our binding energy.

而且我们可以精确地看看,为什么是这样的,通过看对于氢原子和,多电子原子能级的方程所以对于氢原子，事实上对于任何一个电子，这是我们的能量或者我们的结合能。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Just to refresh our memories, we looked at the average valence electron energy as a measure of reactivity.

重新回顾一下我们记忆，我们看了平均价电子能,能用来测量反应性。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And, he's trying to figure out, see, lithium has one.

他在试图指出，看，锂有一个电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And this is the energy level diagram for multi-electron atoms.

看一下能量级图表中,多电子原子的部分。

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So, let's focus on the outer shell electrons.

所以，让我们看一下外层电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

If you look at oxygen, oxygen is 1s2, which is an inner shell electron.

你看，氧是1s2原子，1s轨道上是内层电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

If you looked at heteronuclear molecules and you wanted to compute the bond energy, you might start with the bond energies of the two constituents.

如果你看那些相同电子的分子,你想计算共享能，你也许会从,两个组成部分的总能量。

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So, nitrogen is shown here, we know that because it has 7 electrons.

那么这里显示的是氮，我们能看出来是因为它有七个电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Instead, I would ask you given that this is the electron occupancy what is the explanation for it?

事实上，我要求你给出,电子占据情况,看你如何解释它？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

If I want to take the average energy of all of those, what I can do is go over to my data set.

如果我想得到这所有电子能的平均值，我就得去看一下我的数据库。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, if, for example, we were looking at a hydrogen atom in the case where we have the n equals 1 state, so the electron is in that ground state, the ionization energy, it makes sense, is going to be the difference between the ground state and the energy it takes to be a free electron.

电离氢原子所需要的能量,如果我们看n等于1的情况,电子在基态，那电离能，很合理的就是基态,和自由电子态的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选