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So what we see is, again perfectly reasonable statistical techniques, but not looking at things in the right way.
所以我们这里可以看到，还是很完美很有逻辑的统计学工具，但是他们没有用正确的方式去看待数据。
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and so statistics is like, is one of the main thing I would say, yeah.
而统计学就是其中的主要课程。
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No. 2, we believe that young people have to be a key part of building that ethos One of the reasons for that is purely demographic.
其次，我们认为青年人,必须成为建立该社会风气的主力,其中的一个原因,纯粹是从人口统计学来考虑的。
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This isn't really statistics anymore, but it's a concept that I want to include in this lecture.
这不再是统计学概念了,我以这个概念作为这堂课的结尾
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I just wanted to show you this last graph, or this last set of statistics to go from causes of death in the U. S.
我想让你们看的最后一张图,或者说最后一组统计数据,不是关于美国人的死因
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so that means that hidden in there is the idea that these people who are creating these statistics are costing us all a lot of money.
这里隐含的一个观点是,这些统计数据代表的人们,花费了国家大量的资金
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Most censuses were taken, by the way, as a way of counting heads, the number of people who had to be fed at the time of a siege.
顺便提一下,大多数人口普查,都采用数人头的方法,即在围城期间统计需要给养多少人口
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So it's a really nice demographic.
所以这是个相当不错的人数统计。
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That's an example of "growing-tip" statistics research.
这就是个成长尖端统计学的研究实例。
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Then from 1820 to 1860, the forty years before the war, an estimated roughly two million American slaves were sold to satisfy the need of slave labor in the great cotton kingdom of the growing Southwest.
之后从1820年到1860年,这战争前的四十年间,据粗略统计有大约两百万美国奴隶被出售,以满足西南部,这个日益增长的棉业帝国对奴隶劳工的需求
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And obviously physics and I would say statistics a lot,
当然还有物理，很多统计方面的，
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When I was talking about various sins one can commit with statistics.
我上节课讲到,统计学常见的谬误。
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It's really a technology initiative that's aimed to index the "dark" web or the hidden web, because according to computer scientists, right now the conditional search engines only index about 1% of the information on the Internet.
这是一项,致力于将暗网,或隐藏网页纳入索引的技术创新，根据计算机科学家的统计，条件式的搜索引擎只将,互联网上1%的信息纳入了索引。
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In Paris, you got the Victory Column of the Revolution of 1830, where the Bastille once stood, and it's got the names of all the people that were killed in three days of July 1830; but, in something like this you have a body count of more than 15,000 people.
在巴黎,有一八三零年革命的胜利纪念柱,坐落在巴士底狱的旧址,上面列有所有在一八三零年七月的三天中,被杀害者的名单,但是,据统计,尸体的数量,超过一万五千具
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No one's raising their hand, but I know some of you did because I got it in front of me, at least four of you did and I won't read out those names yet, but I might read them out next time.
没人举手,我知道谁选了,我有统计表的,至少有四名同学,我就不念名字了,但是我下次可能会念
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It wasn't actually a study itself on the Mediterranean Diet, but it was a review of other studies that had been done using this statistical technique called meta-analysis.
该研究本身并不直接研究地中海式饮食法,而是运用荟萃分析的统计方法,对其它已有的相关研究进行研究
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What I am frankly espousing here ' is what I have been calling "growing-tip statistics," taking my title from the fact that it is at the growing tip of a plant " that the greatest genetic action takes place."
我非常支持,'成长尖端统计学“,我的头衔来自以下的研究发现,最优秀的遗传基因会在,幼苗的成长尖端出现“
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I circled this P -if any of you have taken statistics will know what that means, but it's the statistical term that tells you how significant these findings are.
我重点圈起了P,学过统计学的就知道这是什么意思,这是统计学的术语,它告诉我们,这些数据的重要程度
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For those of you who have had a course in probability and statistics, there will be nothing new here.
对于已经,学过概率和统计的同学来说,这堂课就没什么新鲜的了
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It reminds me of a joke about the statistician who drowned in a pool with an average height of 10 inches.
这让我想起一个统计学笑话,在一个平均水深为10英寸的游泳池里，谁会被淹死。
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So the enrollment numbers are in and we thought we would share some statistics, as we like to do in this course; being computer scientists, we tend to gather lots of data.
登记加入我们的人数在这里,并且我们觉得我们能分享一些统计资料，我们在这次课程中也喜欢这么做，作为计算机科学家，我们要收集很多数据。
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You pull out your clicker, you do it, and then we'll get a nice little pie chart or a bar chart on the computer of your responses.
你们就拿出表决器,按一下,我们就能在电脑上得到一张饼状统计图,或者柱状统计图,代表你们的答案
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The World Health Organization keeps track of what countries have cases of polio and when they occur, and what the frequency of--So, this is a map from a few years ago and there are efforts that occur occasionally.
世界卫生组织一直跟踪记录,发生小儿麻痹症的国家及发病时间,以及发生的频率,那么,这是从几年前开始统计的,一个地图,这里是一些偶然产生的成就
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- Just to give you another several fun facts -- and next week, once we've looked at your Problem Set "Zero Submissions," which, if you haven't filled it out yet, you'll see asks a few demographic questions, a few geek-type questions so we can get a sense of the students.
我给你们分享另外几个有趣的事实-,在下周，一旦我们看到你们的习题集上是,“零个意见书“，如果你们还没有填写那个习题集的话，你们可以问一些人数统计方面的问题，或一些古怪的问题，那样我们就能对学生有个初步的了解。
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In the case of life insurance, they developed actuarial tables that require a collecting of statistics.
就人寿保险来说，还需要开发出精准的表格,这需要收集很多统计数据。
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Then there's some interesting statistical things that you'll see in these studies.
在这些研究中我们还会发现,一些有趣的统计学现象
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Let me read to you-- this is taken from his book: "What this kind of research design means is a change in our conception of statistics, and especially of sampling theory.
以下这话引自他的书：,“设计出这类调研是为了,改变我们对统计的观念，尤其是对抽样调查的看法。
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And if they're a premade salad then it would be even more difficult because you're not constructing it yourself, so it's hard to uses based on these sort of things.
如果那是预制色拉,就更麻烦了,因为那不是你做的,就很难进行统计
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You take all the risky assets ... and you analyze them first to get their-- you have to do a statistical analysis to get their expected returns, their variances, and their covariances.
你需要对所有的风险资产进行分析,首先要得到它们的-,你必须要做一个统计分析,算出它们的预期收益率，方差，和它们的协方差。
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Basically if you have a number that's P in this case, than the number is lower then that shows increasing level of statistical significance.
基本上如果P,这幅图里的数比0.05更小,数字越小,表示统计学显著性越大
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