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It's a fairly recent understanding of Maybe you can just give us a little time line of what human rights means.
这是一个新近的理解,也许你可以先给我们一个时间线索,讲讲人权含义的演变。
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They might articulate a need or a desire, but what we have to do is understand all the technology ingredients and how they're evolving.
他们可能会提出要求或是愿望，我们所要做的事情是搞懂,所有技术成分，以及它们如何演变。
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The naturalness of slavery is said to follow from the belief that inequality, inequality is the basic rule between human beings.
奴役是自然的演变据其所言,是依寻着不平等的看法，不平等是人类之间最基本的法则。
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I'm going to talk next week, or next time on Thursday, about the processes that lead to differences between cells.
下周或者下次周四的课上,我会谈谈细胞进行不同演变的过程
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There have been fundamental changes through time that make the role of the central bank evolve and change through time.
试图保持系统的稳定,随着时间的发展，基本的改变发生,使得中央银行的角色演变。
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But the view eventually will be that only Israel is obligated to the God of Israel, other nations aren't held accountable for their idolatry in the books of the Torah.
但随后演变为，只有犹太人,有义务崇拜自己的上帝,其他的民族则不用，根据《摩西五经》的记载。
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So, this is a more complex and, sort of, dense example of how that consumer, that push to consume, that consumer sense drives and motivates the novel and plays out in what they see when they are on the road.
这是个更复杂更难懂的例子，它有关那些消费者，怎样推动消费和消费者的意识怎样驱动小说情节发展,及演变出他们在路上看到的各种事物。
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What the organism, according to Freud, wants to do is evolve toward its dissolution, not to be modified--not, in other words, to be interfered with by everything from external trauma to internal disease.
根据弗洛伊德的说法，生物在走向死亡的过程中想要做的是演变，而不是被改造--换句话说，不是被,任何外界的创伤所干扰。
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It's dangerous to abruptly intervene in the evolution of human institutions.
在人文制度的演变中,突然的人为干预是很危险的
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So, you have this tremendous continuity between the sort of the honor code that was so dominant in the Homeric world, which has now been shifted to the larger unit, which is the polis.
现在你对荣耀法则的变迁应当有所了解了,荷马时期的主流是个人英雄主义,逐渐演变成现在对更广泛的集体,也就是对城邦的担当
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The polis is natural in the sense that it has grown out of smaller and lesser forms of human association.
城邦是自然的演变,因为它源自,较小单位形式的人类结合。
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Aristotle's claim about naturalness seems to require, as he told us, slavery, the categorical distinction of humanity into masters and slaves.
亚里士多德关于自然演变的主张,似乎包含了奴役，分类地,将人类区别成主与奴。
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It would happen to anyone who was a goldsmith because it's just the logical extension of the business.
任何一个金匠都会想到这个点子,因为这就是的这种业务必然的演变结果
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But there is a second sense for him and, in some ways, a more important sense in which he says the polis is by nature.
但他还有另一种说法,且就某种程度看来是更重要的说法,他说城邦就是自然演变。
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Aristotle's extreme reluctance, his hesitance to speak to the issues of his time, are perhaps the result of his foreignness to Athens.
亚里士多德极为冷淡，他对时局演变持保留态度的主因，可能是因为,自己对雅典的陌生感。
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Slavery is natural because we cannot rule ourselves without the restraint of the passions.
奴役是自然的演变,因为我们无法管理我们自己,若无克制激情。
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If slavery is natural, and if nature intends to distinguish the slave from the unfree, the free from the unfree, ? how can nature miss the mark?
如果奴役是自然的演变，而自然倾向于,将奴隶从不自由的人中区别出来，将自由从不自由中区别出来，自然如何会偏离正轨？
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If the latter, if this hierarchy of intelligence or this hierarchy of the rational is the result of upbringing, ? then how can slavery be defended as natural?
若是后者，即智慧的阶级制度,或说理性的阶级制度,是教养的结果，那奴役如何能以自然演变加以辩护？
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I guess most people think thirty years is long enough, but that's the way mortgages go ever since.
我猜大多数人都认为30年足够长了,这是抵押贷款的演变过程
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In the literal opening, he gives what looks like a kind of natural history of the polis.
在本书开始的地方，他给了一种类似,城邦自然演变历史的说法。
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There are some who believe that slavery is natural, because ruling and being ruled is a pervasive distinction " that one sees all societies practice."
有些人相信,奴役是自然的演变，因为统治者与被统治者,有着普遍的区别,一方要看顾着整个社会的运作“
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War and the virtues necessary for war are as natural to the city as are the virtues of friendship, trust, and camaraderie that are also necessary.
战争与战争所需的美德,是城市的自然演变,这就像友爱，信任与同志情谊的美德,同等必要一样。
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But how do we get to 1861 and that secession crisis with Alexander H. Stephens delivering this Cornerstone Speech, declaring that, "Hey folks, it's all about slavery and its preservation?"
但事情怎么会演变到1861年那样,乃至之后的分离危机,亚历山大为何能在这篇演讲中,宣称,"嘿,伙计们,今天我要讲的是奴隶制和对其保护"
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So what follows, in one sense, that when Aristotle says that man is by nature a political animal and the city is by nature, the city can never be a universal state.
这响应了，亚里士多德所说,人类天生是政治动物,而城市是自然的演变，城市永远不能是一座万国之城。
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If you are reminded here by the passage of Tynjanov that I gave you where he makes the distinction between literary history as evolving and literary history as modified by outside circumstances, I think it would be a legitimate parallel.
如果你们可以会想起我以前让你们读的提尼亚诺夫,那篇区分作为演变和,由外界因素改造的文学史的文章，那么一切就合乎逻辑了。
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Aristotle tells us that slavery is natural.
亚里士多德告诉我们奴役是自然的演变。
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What did he think was going on?
他对时局演变的看法为何？
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But what eventually evolved in the South and we will return to this a good deal next Tuesday when I'll devote an entire lecture to this kind of slaveholder worldview and the pro-slavery argument the pro-slavery defense and how that evolved into a political culture.
但南方特点究竟是如何形成的这个问题,下周二我们会细细讲,那时我将花整堂课的时间讲,奴隶主的世界观和其支持奴隶制的理由,他们对奴隶制的支持,和奴隶制是如何演变为一种政治文化的
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The lesson is, I think, that we have a glamour-city phenomenon-- that excitement about real estate prices-- centered in places like Los Angeles, but it's spreading and becoming more and more of a national phenomenon and that's the bubble.
我想,教训就是,一种"魅力之都"现象,刺激了房地产的繁荣,起始于像洛杉矶这种城市,随后广为扩散,逐渐演变成一种全国性的现象,这就是泡沫
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In what sense, we could ask ourselves and I think you probably will be asking in your sections, ? in what sense is the city by nature?
就何种意义而言，我们能自问,且我想你们也应该,会在你们的时段讨论，就何种意义而言，城市是自然演变的存在？
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