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So, in order to fill our octet, what we do is put two on the nitrogen and two on the carbon.
因此，为了填满我们的“八隅体“,我们需要将两个放到氮上，将另外两个放到碳上。
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So what we can actually directly compare is the dissociation energy or the bond strength of nitrogen versus hydrogen.
因此实际上我们可以直接进行比较,对氮分子与氢分子的离解能,或键的强度。
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4 6 Just as in nitrogen, we get two, four, six here, but now we have two more electrons.
对于氮，我们有，但是现在我们有两个多的电子。
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So notice a difference in these structures, is this has an n h bond whereas this has an o h bond.
注意它们之间的有一点不同，那就是一个有氮氢键,而另一个有氧氢键。
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We see that the radius is shorter, so that means that the nitrogen-nitrogen bond is going to be shorter.
我们看到这个距离更短，这就意味着,氮与氮之间的键应该更短。
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So this is not going to be a favorable process, we're going to find that the electron affinity is actually a negative 7 kilojoules per mole for nitrogen.
因此这并不是一个容易发生的过程，我们会发现氮的电子亲和能,应该是负的，7，千焦每摩尔。
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So, why don't you go ahead and tell me, keeping that in mind, which atom in terms of h c or n would you expect to be in the center of hydrogen cyanide?
那么，请大家来告诉我，并且记住它，你认为氢，碳和氮中哪个原子,应该在氰化氢的中间呢？
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So in terms of nitrogen that starts off with a valence number of 5, again we have 2 lone pair electrons in the nitrogen, and again, we have 6 electrons that are shared.
对于氮来说,我们应该从五个价电子开始，同样，氮也有两个孤对电子，共用电子的个数也一样，是六个。
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We know that ionization energy is going to increase as we go across the periodic table, so that means carbon has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen which is right next to us.
我们知道电离能会随着周期表,向右而逐渐变大，因此碳的电离能比旁边的氮要低一些,那么就像我说的。
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So, in this case, we see that our formal charge is negative on the nitrogen, in this case it's negative on oxygen.
那么，在这种情况下，我们看到氮的形式电荷是负的，而在这种情况下，氧的是负的。
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So, that also tells us that the n minus ion is less stable than the neutral atom itself.
而且，这还告诉我们,负一价的氮离子不如中性氮原子稳定。
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Here is the atomic nitrogen, here is the atomic nitrogen and these are the orbitals of molecular nitrogen.
这是氮原子，这是氮原子,然后这是氮气的分子轨道。
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So, shared electrons are the ones that are shared between the carbon and the nitrogen, so we have 6 shared electrons, and we want to take 1/2 of that.
共用电子是那些在碳和氮之间,被它们共用的电子，那么我们有六个共用电子，然后我们要给它乘上二分之一。
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090 We have 1,090 for carbon, 1000 1,000 for sulfur, 1400 and 1,400 for nitrogen.
碳的是，硫的是，而氮的是。
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So we can put actually all 4 of our extra electrons in between the carbon and the nitrogen.
因此我们可以把这剩下的,四个电子都放在碳和氮之间。
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So, for instance, this would suggest to us by the way it's written that the hydrogen is attached to the nitrogen and not the oxygen.
因此，比如，这样的写法会提醒我们,这个氢原子是与氮原子成键的，而不是氧。
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So, if we took the case of nitrogen, if we add an electron to nitrogen and go to n minus, we find that the change in energy is 7 kilojoules per mole.
如果我们以氮为例，如果我们给氮增加个电子令它变成-1价的氮，我们会发现能量的变化是，7，千焦每摩尔。
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So, if we talked about a nitrogen-nitrogen single versus double versus triple bond, the triple bond will be the shortest and it will be the strongest.
因此，如果我们讨论的是氮与氮之间的单键,双键与三键，那么三键应该是其中最短的一个，同时也是最强的一个。
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The nitrogen. The reason being that's the only one that didn't have a full octet yet.
氮，因为只有它的“八隅体“,还没有填满。
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Is it going to be hydrogen or nitrogen? Yup, it's going to be nitrogen.
应该是氢的还是氮的？对，应该是氮的。
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And the reason we can see that by looking at this graph is that we see that nitrogen when it's bonded is in an even lower well than we saw for hydrogen.
原因可以通过观察这幅图发现,我们看到氮在成键之后将处于更低的势阱中,对氢而言。
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Is a hydrogen bond shorter, or is a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond going to be shorter?
是氢的键更短，还是氮与氮的三键更短？
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So in our first structure, we would find for the nitrogen we have a formal charge 5 minus 4 minus 2, because we're starting with 5 valence electrons, so that is a formal charge of minus 1.
那么在我们的第一个结构中，我们发现氮的形式电荷量是五减去四4,再减去二，因为我们开始有五个价电子，因此它的形式电荷量是负一。
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So it looks a lot less messy if we just draw our Lewis structure like this for h c n, where we have h bonded to c triple bonded to n, and then a lone pair on the nitrogen there.
这看起来整洁了不少,如果我们把氰化氢的路易斯结构画成这样的话，这样我们就有氢与碳之间的单键和碳与氮之间三键，然后还有一对孤对电子在氮这里。
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Here is octet for the left, octet for the right.
左边和右边的氮原子都满足八隅律。
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They are perfectly shared between the two nitrogens.
电子是被两个氮完全平均共用的。
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So, for example, down here I wrote that it was n 2 and that it was h 2, but when I re-wrote the molecules up here, you saw that it's an h h single bond where it's a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond.
比如，在这下面我写的是氮分子2,而这个是氢分子，但我在上面把这些分子的形式改写了，大家可以看到,这是一个氢与氢之间的单键，含一个氮与氮之间的三键。
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So this means nitrogen has low electron affinity, it doesn't actually want to gain an electron.
这意味着氮的电子亲和能很低，它实际上并不愿意得到一个电子。
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- Then also, nitrogen, 3 minus -- these are all going to be isoelectronic with neon.
然后还有，氮，负三价-,这些都是与氖原子等电子的。
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Which element is shown here? Yeah, nitrogen.
这显示的是哪个元素？对，是氮。
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