Now that's precisely the question that Freud asked himself in Beyond the Pleasure Principle, a text which begins with a consideration of trauma victims.

这就是弗洛伊德,在他的《超越快乐原则》中提到的核心问题，整篇文章以对创伤患者的考虑开始。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Another example is in the nervous system, patients that have Parkinson's disease have too little of a natural ligand called dopamine.

另一个例子有关神经系统,帕金森氏病的患者,缺乏一种叫做多巴胺的天然的配体

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In the next twenty-five years the increased--the anticipated increase in diabetes is supposed to be about 37% in the U.S.

在未来的二十五年中,预计美国的糖尿病患者的人数,将增加37%

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Their eyes are intact but rather what happens in agnosia is they lose the ability to recognize certain things.

他们的眼睛并未受到损伤,相反,失认症的症状是,患者失去识别某些事物的能力

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

There is a blunting in this activation, and this blunting is correlated with this schizophrenic self-reported lack of desire negative symptorms.

这部分的活动被关闭了，而这种关闭活动的结果和精神分裂症患者,缺少欲望症状的报告相符。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

No, because they were only interested in the question of when are anorexics born, so it made sense to only study those.

不，因为他们只对厌食症患者是,什么时候出生的这个问题感兴趣，所以只研究这些对象是有道理的。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

Most of you have read Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway, and you should recognize that her treatment of in Mrs. Dalloway is a treatment of a traumatized war victim.

多数人应该都读过弗吉尼亚，伍尔夫的《戴洛维夫人》,那么你们应该发现，书中作者描写塞普蒂莫斯，史密斯,的治疗方法就是治疗战后创伤患者的方法。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

This goes for people who are math phobic at home too.

在家看视频的数学恐惧症患者也一起做

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You may say that what's missing here is something that the utilitarian can easily incorporate, namely the value to the person and to the families of those who die from lung cancer.

你也许会说,这里无疑忽略了,功利主义者认为应当包含的部分，即那些死于肺癌的患者本身,加上其家属的价值。

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There's a whole, a-75-page chapter on Hitchcock which is crucial in the book, we'll explain all that to you And in the first chapter on Hitchcock there's a considerable discussion of Psycho.

关于希契科克的那一章有75页之长,在这书中是关键的一章，我会给你们讲解,在关于希契科克的那一章里,有很多对于《精神病患者》的论述。

麻省理工公开课 - 电影哲学课程节选

Now most diabetics take human insulin made, not in humans, but made in micro-organisms that are growing in a manufacturing facility.

而现在,多数糖尿病患者用人的胰岛素,不是来自人体,而是来自工厂的微生物车间

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There is agnosia and agnosia is a disorder which isn't blindness because the person could still see perfectly well.

还有失认症,失认症并非失明,因为患者的视觉没有任何问题

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

And some people with autism have extraordinary artistic abilities or mathematical abilities or musical abilities and these are amazing.

一些孤独症患者拥有超凡的艺术能力,数学能力,或是音乐能力,这非常神奇

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Now another approach would be to take pieces of the pancreas that already have all that capability within them.

现在还有一种方法就是,取一部分健康人的胰脏,移植到糖尿病患者体内

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Here the unique thing was that there's a restriction site inside that is present in normal DNA and not present in sickle DNA.

刚才例子中,特性就是在正常的基因中,有酶切位点,而在患者的基因中却没有

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Somebody with apraxia can move, do simple movements just fine but they can't coordinate their movements.

失用症患者是可以行动的,可以做简单的动作,但是他们无法协调他们的动作

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

That's--that accounts for relatively small number of the overall cases of Type I Diabetes.

型糖尿病患者,占患者总人数的比率相对较小

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

we've actually looked just expectancy in the brain of schizophrenics unhealthy controls So what we see is with Germans as the same thing that we saw with Americans.

我们对精神分裂症患者的大脑,进行了观察,我们在正常德国人身上观察到的结果,和我们在美国观察到的相同。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

And often, people with autism who are otherwise very high functioning will fail this task.

在某些方面天赋异禀的孤独症患者,也会在该任务上失败

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So, polio--the disease caused by polio can be a paralytic disease, crippling, and in some cases can lead to death if the disease progresses in certain ways.

小儿麻痹症便是由脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的,如果脊髓灰质炎发展到一定程度,患者不仅会瘫痪或者残疾,一些病例甚至可能死亡

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The answer is that the majority of people with autism have severe problems, and will not, and at this stage, with this level of therapy, will not lead a normal life.

答案便是,大多数孤独症患者会遇到很多严重的问题,而在现阶段的心理治疗水平下,是不能够过上正常生活的

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Many schizophrenics report a deficient desires of will.

许多精神分裂症报告中都会提及患者的欲望缺失。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

So, if you look in the blood of patients that are infected with Hepatitis B you find a lot of Hepatitis B surface subunits, proteins without the nucleic acid circulating in their blood.

因此,如果你观察一下,已经感染乙肝病毒患者的血液,你会发现许多乙肝病毒的表面亚基,以及血液循环中存在没有核酸的蛋白质

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But what about schizophrenics?

但精神分裂症患者的大脑活动是什么样的？

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

So what we can do then is for those schizophrenics that on typical neuleptics A we can actually switch them to the A typical neuleptics and run them under the same experiment again and look at what's happening.

我们接下来要做的是,对于那些服用典型药物的精神病患者,我们让他们转用药物,然后再对他们做相同的试验,来看看有什么变化。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

The idea is then that autistic individuals suffer from what he calls extreme male brains, and as such, it stands to reason that they'd be more sampled from the male population than the female population.

孤独症个体,患有伯龙所谓的极端男性大脑,该理论就解释了患者样本中,男性数量要多于女性数量的原因

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

There are also interesting breakdowns by gender, and so if we look at the males and the females on the left here, you see that the females have a higher risk of consequences if they have metabolic syndrome then the males do.

不同性别患代谢综合征的情况也有差异,左边两个柱子分别代表男性和女性,可以看出患代谢综合征的女性的患病风险,比男性患者要高

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

It's a good question. The question is, "What are the chances that somebody with autism will be able to overcome their deficiencies?"

不错的问题,这个问题是,"孤独症患者,能够克服自身缺陷的几率会有多大"

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

What if you injected the gene for insulin into their muscle so that their muscle cells in one particular location started making insulin?

如果你把胰岛素基因注入到患者的肌肉中,使某个部位的肌肉,可以分泌胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选