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If the program works right here's what people said, 81% said pneumonia, 15% malaria, 2% cancer, and 2% heart disease.
如果程序没出错,你们的选择是这样的,81%选了肺炎,15%疟疾,2%癌症和2%心脏病
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And I think the cancer center in particular is made entirely kind of glass.
尤其是癌症中心，完全是用玻璃建成的。
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Why is cancer one of the leading killers in the U. S. now but wasn't even on the charts in 1665?
为什么癌症现在是美国人的头号杀手,却甚至没有在一六六五年的名单中出现
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You wanted to be finding the cure for cancer, but you're not actually finding the cure for cancer.
你想找到治疗癌症的方法，但你实际上没有在找治疗癌症的方法。
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Why would there have been so many fewer cases of cancer?
为什么当时的癌症比现在少那么多呢
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bone transplants, just about anything, except maybe cancer.
骨头移植，是除了癌症之外的任何疾病可能都适用。
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So, for example, if you were interested in some protein involved in cancer, you could tag it with GFP.
例如，如果你对和癌症有关的,蛋白质感兴趣，你可以用GFP标记它。
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Many types of cancers, particularly breast cancers, many breast cancers but not all, are sensitive to estrogen.
许多种癌症,尤其是乳腺癌,很多乳腺癌,但不是所有的,对雌激素十分敏感
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These are ways to stop a gene from being expressed, and there turns out there's lot of applications in that, lots of diseases result from the unwanted expression of certain kinds of genes and cancer is probably the best example of that, but there are many.
有些方法能够终止基因的表达,而这些方法也经证实有广泛的应用,有很多疾病是源于基因的异常表达,而癌症大概是这种情况最好的例子,但还有很多其他的
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You wanted to know your place in the universe, but you don't even have that kind of knowledge either, because you think you're writing novels, finding the cure for cancer, climbing Mount Everest.
你想知道自己在宇宙里的位置，但是你连那种知识都没有，因为你以为自己是在写小说，在寻找治疗癌症的办法，在攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
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You could take weights on people measured over a period of many years and look at the variability over time in weight and then link it to things like heart disease and cancer, and I'll come back later and talk about the results of that particular study.
我们还可以得到人们很长一段时间里,每年的体重数据,观察体重随着时间变化的变动,并将观察结果与心脏疾病和癌症联系起来,我等一下会告诉大家这项研究的结果
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But the fact that reducing cholesterol is considered good for you in the first place, depends on these kinds of studies on population intake to know how much cholesterol people are eating and then link it to reports of heart disease, or cancer, or whatever the health outcome is.
但减少胆固醇这个事实,首先对你来说是好的,依据这些关于总体摄入量的研究可以知道,人们摄入胆固醇的多少,关系到心脏疾病,或癌症或其他健康问题
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So 9% less cardiovascular disease, 13% less Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, 6% less cancer, 9% less mortality from all causes.
心血管类疾病患病率降低9%,帕金森病和老年痴呆症降低13%,癌症降低6%,由各种原因导致的死亡率降低9%
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We're going to talk a lot about how one can use the technology that we have now to treat these kinds of diseases like cancer and heart disease.
我们会讲到,如何利用现有的技术,来治疗像心脏病和癌症这样的疾病
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Now you get interesting relationships here because diet is related to heart disease, it's related to cancer, it's related to stroke, and it's related to Diabetes.
你可以找到一些有趣的联系,因为饮食与心脏病,癌症,中风和糖尿病都有关系
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It was easy to tell if somebody had an infectious disease but you might not have known that they had cancer at that time and they just died.
如果有人患有感染性疾病,那很容易判断,但在那个时候医生可能不知道,病人得的就是癌症,病人就这么死去了
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For example, how cancer diagnosis has improved, what are some of the causes of cancer in the environment around us and how can we protect ourselves from it, and we'll talk about treatments for it as well.
例如癌症的诊断手段是如何进步的,我们周围环境中有哪些致癌因素,以及我们如何保护自己免受其害,我们也会讨论到癌症的治疗手段
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It worked for them, they didn't have all these chronic diseases like we have, now they had other challenges, infectious diseases primarily, but they didn't have the chronic diseases like we have, like cancer, heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, etc., and Diabetes particularly.
这曾对祖先们奏效,他们不像我们会得一些慢性疾病,但他们要面对其他的挑战,主要是传染性疾病,但他们不像我们那样受着慢性疾病的困扰,如癌症,心脏病,高血压和高脂血等,特别是糖尿病
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So controlling the dose is really important and that's going to turn out to be very important in cancer therapy because these are very potent drugs that will have bad effects in other sites and you want to localize them where they want, so we're going to talk about that.
控制药物剂量非常重要,特别是在癌症的治疗当中,这一点尤为重要,因为这些药物效力强大,会对其他部位产生不良影响,你不能使药物扩散到别的组织,这就是我们要讲的问题了
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Chronic diseases have a major role in the healthcare costs, so if you look at these chronic diseases, heart disease, stroke, cancer and Diabetes we find that seven out of ten of all deaths are now due to chronic diseases, whereas, it was a very small fraction in 1900.
慢性疾病是医保费用中的一个大头,你看看这些慢性疾病,心脏病,中风,癌症和糖尿病,就会发现如今十分之七的死亡,都是源于慢性疾病,然而,这在1900年仅占很小一部分
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Now, figure in the fact that smoking is playing a role, physical activity is playing a role, still just changing fruit and vegetable consumption potentially could reduce heart disease worldwide by this much: stroke by 19% and some cancers by as much as 20%.
实际上吸烟和运动都对此有影响,即使将这些因素都考虑进去,仅仅改变水果和蔬菜的摄入量仍然能,在全球范围内减少这么多的心脏病得病率,中风减少19%而某些癌症减少达20%
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For many, many years almost all the studies on cancer in health were done in men.
一直以来几乎所有关于癌症的研究,都是以男性为对象的
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This is a way of introducing cytotoxicity or cell killing ability into a cell, and that's been used to treat many kinds of cancers, particularly cancers of the brain.
这种方法常用来导入细胞毒素,或者赋予细胞杀伤其他细胞的能力,以治疗多种癌症,特别是脑癌
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Or you want to be finding the cure for cancer.
或者你想寻找治愈癌症的方法。
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Fiber is related at a risk for some diseases, particularly some cancers, and therefore the low fiber intake that we have now compared to what our ancestors had is a factor.
纤维素可以抵抗一些疾病,尤其是某些癌症,相对古人来说我们摄入量偏低,因此我们对一些癌症的抵抗能力就低
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Things like heart disease and cancer are down the list.
像心脏病和癌症占的比例很小
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So, a natural product is something that is made by nature, and often natural products, whether it comes from a plant or a marine organism have some really good, useful properties. And so, one particular compound has anti-tumor properties. So, again, along this line of cancer research.
天然产物是在自然界中生成的,通常一个天然产物，不管是来自植物或者海洋生物,都有些非常好非常实用的性质，其中的一个特殊的化合物,可以治疗癌症,再一次我们又来到癌症研究上。
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He'd been diagnosed with, if I recall correctly, cancer as a freshmen--and his doctor had told him that he pretty much had no chance of recovery and indeed had only a couple more years to live.
他大一的时候就被诊断出癌症，如果我没记错的话--他的医生告诉他,他基本上没有治愈的可能了,并且实际上只有几年时间存活了。
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In fact, I don't know if in the news the pioneer in this is a man named Judah Folkman, who is a surgeon who first speculated that this was important, and sadly he died on Monday, but had a dramatic impact on our understanding of how cancers develop in people and new approaches.
实际上,我不清楚这个新闻中提到的人,是不是犹太?福克曼,这个领域的先驱,他是个外科医生,最先提出了这个重要的理论,不过不幸的是他在本周一去世了,他让我们对癌症有了新认识,带给我们治疗癌症的新思路
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At this point the study had been undertaken, there had been many, many more trials that had been done on cancer in men than there had been done on cancer in women, so there was a political reason for doing it as well.
研究就是基于这一点开始的,但在完成了的癌症实验中,关于男性的实验,要远多于关于女性的,这样做也是有政治因素的
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