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who was refuted by Dr. Johnson who kicked a stone and leaped away in terrible pain saying, "I refute it thus."
约翰逊先生反对理想主义者，他踢开一块石头,跳开到很远，一副痛苦不堪的样子，说，“我这样来反驳“
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and in fact in art and in religion, if I don't recognize my pain and confusion and suffering, it is not, in my words, self-vific.
事实上，在艺术和宗教中，如果我不面对我的痛苦，疑惑和苦难，那么艺术就不是，用我的话讲，有现实意义的。
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And it speaks to those who are courageous enough to acknowledge that life is rife with pain and conflict, just as it's filled with compassion and joy.
这是属于坚强的人们的,承认生活充满痛苦与矛盾，而并非总是激情欢乐的。
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So the pain you're suffering now is actually instrumentally valuable, useful as a means, even though it's intrinsically bad.
所以你现在忍受的痛苦,是有利用价值的，作为手段是有用的，尽管痛苦本身是坏的。
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He started out by observing that all of us, all human beings are governed by two sovereign masters: pain and pleasure.
边沁通过观察得出，所有人类均受两大至高无上的因素所支配：,痛苦与快乐。
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And empathy has different definitions but we can simply view it as the feeling that your pain matters to me.
移情有几个不同的定义,但用简单的话来说就是,我不会对你的痛苦无动于衷。
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A life, a fulfilling life, a rich life includes ups and downs, includes pain and getting up again, includes failure and getting up again.
生活，令人满意的生活，丰富的生活包括了起起落落，包括了痛苦和再次振作，包括了失败和再次奋斗。
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While other species," he notes, "may have voice, may have sounds and be able to distinguish pleasure and pain, Logos speech"--logos is his word for it.
他注明，“虽然其它动物也许能发声,也许有音调能区分出愉悦与痛苦，“辩论能力“或他所用的词汇。
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I would recite, whatever, the Articles of Confederation I would rise on my hind legs, quaking in my boots, and I would begin until I made a mistake, whereupon I would be castigated, berated, totally stripped of self-esteem by this monster who would that inflict the same pain on somebody else.
我会背，比如说，联邦条例,我会抬起我的后腿，它在靴子里颤抖，然后开始背，直到犯错，于是，我就会被批评严惩，自尊完全被这个怪物践踏了,他对其他人也会如此加注痛苦。
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The idea that emerged the memory of the '81-82 recession is very strong in our imagination because we think that it was caused by lax monetary policy by liberal thinking by the soft-hearted liberals who just didn't want to create any pain and suffering.
出现的观点,在我们的想象中,81-82年的经济衰退很严重,因为我们认为它是由于,松懈的货币政策，不拘一格的思想,那些仁慈的不想制造任何痛苦和疲劳的,自由主义者引发的。
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If we torture this one-- of course to torture,you cause pain to bodies, but the pain gets felt in the mind.
如果我们折磨这个-,当然了，折磨会在肉体上产生痛苦，而痛苦可以被意识感知。
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Gary Gilmore The serial killer Gary Gilmore basically said the pain of others gratified him and caused him no unhappiness at all.
连环杀手,基本上就说过别人的痛苦,让他很高兴，他一点都不讨厌。
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Just doing a simple thing, that again come back to Thich Nhat Hanh, talks about when you're feeling some pain, or stress, anxiety, put your hands over your heart, and breathe and say "I care for your pain and I care for your suffering."
只做一件简单的事，正如一行禅师所说，感受到痛苦，压力，焦虑时，感受到痛苦，压力，焦虑时，双手交叉，放在心口上，呼吸，自言自语道,“我在乎你所受的痛苦和煎熬“
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is more than the ability " simply to distinguish pleasure and pain."
不只是,能简单地区分出愉悦与痛苦的能力“
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Why? Because there's more to life than just pleasure and the absence of pain, or so it seems to me.
为什么？因为生命不仅仅是,享受快乐，避免痛苦，我是这样认为。
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In our affections, in our caring, who we like, who we feel close to, whose pain bothers us, we are not indiscriminate.
我们对他人的喜爱，对他人的关心，我们喜欢谁，与谁亲近，在乎谁的痛苦，并非一视同仁的。
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But if the balance of pain over pleasure-- If there's more pain than pleasure so that the balance is negative, that's worse than zero.
如果痛苦减快乐-,如果痛苦多于快乐,那么结果就是负的，比零小。
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Well, one natural suggestion is that pleasure is worth having for its own sake and pain is probably worth avoiding for its own sake.
一个很自然的提议是快乐,是因其自身品质而值得拥有,痛苦因其自身品质而值得避免。
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Most of us agree then, pleasure is intrinsically valuable; pain is intrinsically negative, unvaluable, has anti-value.
多数人都同意，快乐本身是好的;,痛苦本身是消极的，没有价值，有反价值。
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We know pain is--of others is aversive for chimpanzees and we know this in certain ways.
我们知道黑猩猩也讨厌其他黑猩猩的痛苦,这是非常确定的。
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I am built, I am hard wired, to be attuned to your pain.
人有一种天生的能力，我能对你的痛苦感同身受。
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It's a very tempting view to think, what makes life worth having and the only thing worth having for its own sake, is having pleasure and avoiding pain.
它也是一种很有诱惑力的观点，什么让生命值得拥有，而唯一,因其自身品质值得拥有的东西，就是享受快乐，避免痛苦。
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And when asked about the pain he caused his victims he responded, "What do I care? I'm not her," which is logically correct but, in a sense, inhuman.
当别人问他对受害者,造成的痛苦时，他回答时，“关我什么事？我又不是她”,从逻辑上说没错，但一点人性都没有。
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And among the bads of life are pain and other negative experiences.
糟糕的事物包含痛苦和消极的体验。
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And so we might need to work out various, more complicated, formulas here, where we multiply the pain times its duration and take into account its intensity, get the sheer quantity of pain that way.
我们需要编制出各种，更复杂的公式，以便增加痛苦的倍数，延续时间,还要考虑痛苦的强度，获得痛苦的纯量。
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Which of these branches that are available to me, the branches of my life story, which is the one in which the future from here on out ?" holds more pleasure and holds less pain?"
我能得到哪些分支，我的人生故事的分支，从这里起步的哪一种未来,有更多快乐更少痛苦“
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Suppose we conjecture that the only thing intrinsically valuable is pleasure and the only thing intrinsically bad is pain.
假设我们推测出唯一,拥有固有价值的东西是快乐,唯一一样自身是坏的东西是痛苦。
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And one thing that seems intrinsically bad, one thing that seems to reduce the value of a life, is pain.
有一样东西看似本身就是坏的，它似乎在减少生命的价值，是痛苦。
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I'm inclined to think there's more to the best kind of life than just having pleasure and avoiding pain.
我倾向认为人生有比享受快乐,避免痛苦更好的东西。
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By torturing the bodies we cause pain to the minds,the personalities, who have beliefs about who's hurting.
通过折磨肉体，我们对意识和人格造成痛苦，对相信自己被伤害的人造成痛苦。
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