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Retroviruses, for example, can only insert - can only transduce and express their DNA in cells that are dividing.
就以逆转录病毒为例,它们只能在分裂阶段的细胞里,转导并表达自己的基因
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They, in some cases, they integrate their DNA into the host chromosome, that's what retroviruses do and they make viral proteins.
有些情况下,病毒DNA会整合进宿主的染色体中,逆转录病毒就是这样做的,它们还制造病毒蛋白
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I talked about just not using viruses but using plasmid DNA together with lipids and that's another strategy for gene therapy.
这一部分我们不仅讲了病毒的应用,也讲了利用脂质体包裹的质粒DNA,基因治疗还有其它的策略
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We have techniques of recombinant DNA, and those can be used to produce either modified viruses, we'll talk about that.
我们拥有重组DNA技术,它可以用来生产任一种减毒病毒,这个以后会再讲
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This might be a polio virus, for example. The example I've given here is a virus that contains DNA as its genetic material.
例如 这个应该是,小儿麻痹症病毒,我曾在这里展示过,一种将DNA作为遗传物质的病毒
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Viruses, in particular, are very effective at delivering their viral DNA into cells.
特别是病毒,可以高效地将自身的病毒DNA导入细胞
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Smallpox is a virus called variola, it's a virus that contains DNA.
天花是病毒引起的,这种病毒含DNA
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Here's a DNA virus, it infects a cell.
这是一个DNA病毒,它感染了一个细胞
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That DNA gets replicated to make many more copies of the viral DNA using host mechanisms, that is, often using the DNA polymerase which is naturally present in the host cell for its own replication.
病毒DNA进行复制,通常是利用在宿主细胞自身的有关物质,利用宿主细胞中天然存在的,DNA聚合酶来大量复制病毒DNA
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Because HIV is an RNA virus and if it enters your cell the only way it can replicate, it can put its DNA into your cells, is by first making DNA out of its RNA genome.
因为HIV是RNA病毒,如果它进入你的细胞,它复制自己的唯一方式,它能把自己的DNA转入你的细胞,方法是先用自己的,RNA基因组制造出DNA
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It breaks down into its component parts and I show two of those component parts here, one is the genetic material, in this case DNA, and the other is all the proteins that form the structure of the virus.
分解为自身各种零件,这里给你们展示一下其中的两个,其一是遗传物质,这里指DNA,另一个是构建病毒结构的所有蛋白质
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