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If you can genetically engineer viruses like this and viruses have all those good properties as gene therapy vehicles that I described.
如果你能像我说的这样在遗传上改造病毒,加之病毒具备诸多优点,适合作为基因治疗的载体
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You make a recombinant virus that has all the normal components of the virus but also has a gene that you want.
你就造出了一个重组病毒,它有普通病毒的各种组分,又带有你需要的基因
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They integrate their DNA into the host genome and you might not want to make that kind of a change in the cell.
而且也许你也并不想让逆转录病毒基因,整合进宿主的基因组
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They basically make many, many copies of their DNA and they make all of their viral proteins and they assemble into new viral units.
它们会生成不计其数的病毒基因拷贝,并翻译生成病毒蛋白,组装成新的病毒单位
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Well, what if you could hijack that virus to carry genes that you want?
那么,如果你能,挟持病毒使之携带你所要的基因该多好
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But if you're trying to use that virus as a gene delivery vector and your body gets rid of it then the therapy has failed, it's ended.
但如果你想把腺病毒作为基因治疗载体,而你的身体清除这种病毒,治疗就失败了,前功尽弃了
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In that case, we took the gene for the Hepatitis B protein.
在此种情况下,我们将乙肝病毒的基因同蛋白质外壳分离
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Took it out of the virus completely, cloned it into a plasmid, that plasmid was expressed in a foreign host, in this case it was expressed in yeast cells.
将基因从病毒中完全提取出来,并克隆制成质粒,该质粒在外来宿主中表达,此例中质粒在酵母细胞中表达
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That's another advantage of using viruses as a gene therapy vector.
这是病毒,作为基因疗法载体的另一个优势
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The proteins that are produced by genes that are on the viral genome get transcribed and translated in order to make more structural proteins that are needed for assembly of the virus.
由病毒基因组上的基因,通过转录和转译制造出来的蛋白质,以便可以制造出更多的,被病毒组合所需的结构蛋白
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Because they've made many copies of their genome and they've made all the proteins that are necessary to - for assembly of a new virus, then this cell can make many new viruses.
因为病毒制造了大量病毒基因组的拷贝,和所有,新病毒组装所需的蛋白质,所以这个细胞就有能力制造大量新的病毒
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Why isn't that the solution to gene therapy?
但病毒为什么不是基因治疗的解决方案呢
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I talked about just not using viruses but using plasmid DNA together with lipids and that's another strategy for gene therapy.
这一部分我们不仅讲了病毒的应用,也讲了利用脂质体包裹的质粒DNA,基因治疗还有其它的策略
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