One major difference between electron affinity and ionization energy is that when we talked about ionization energy, remember ionization energy always has to be positive.

电子亲和能,与电离能之间最大的不同就在于,当我们提到电离能的时候，记得电离能总是正的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

I heard some people say one, and that's a good guess, remember they're actually sharing. So these two electrons, they belong to chlorine, they also belong to hydrogen, but they do, in fact, belong to chlorine as well.

我听到有些人说的是一个，这是个很好的猜测，但要记得它们其实是被共用的，因此有两个电子，它们属于氯，同时也属于氢，但实际上它们也属于氯。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Remember in the ion, we're going to have less electrons around to counteract the pull from the nucleus.

还记得在这个离子中，在原子核周围,抵消它吸引力的电子更少。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, remember when we talk about Coulomb force, what's holding the nucleus and the electron together, there's 2 things we need to think about.

还记得我们在讨论库仑力的时候，提到是什么将原子核与电子束缚在一起时，有两点需要考虑。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So let's do a quick clicker question, and you tell me how many valence electrons does fluorine have? Remember, valence electrons are different from core, they're only the outer-most electrons in the outer-most shell.

那么让我们来做一个小选择题，请大家来告诉我,氟有多少个价电子，要记得，价电子与芯电子不同，它们是在最外壳层的最靠外面的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Remember, every time we have two electrons that are being shared, that's a single bond.

还记得，每次我们有两个电子被共用，我们就有了一个单键。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, this is actually kind of neat to point out, because we all remember J.J. Thomson Thomson J J Thomson from our second lecture, and J.J. Thomson got a Nobel Prize in 1906 for showing that electrons exist in that they are particles.

所以，这个确实需要要指出，因为我们都记得第二堂课,讲到的,因为发现了电子具有粒子性,在1906年获得了诺贝尔奖。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, hopefully, you remember what we mean by valence electrons versus core electrons.

希望大家还记得,价电子与芯电子的定义。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And remember, we're only talking about valence electrons, so the outer-most shells.

要记得，我们讨论的只是价电子，也就是最外层的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Remember, because that 1 s orbital is all the way down in terms of if we're thinking about an energy diagram, we're all the way down here, so we have a huge amount of energy we have to put into the system in order to eject an electron.

还记得吧，因为1，s，轨道在能量示意图里,是在最底部的，我们要一直到最下面，所以我们要向这个系统注入非常大的能量,才能打出一个电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we actually only need two electrons to fill up the valence shell of hydrogen, remember that's because all we need to fill up is the 1 s.

我们其实只需要两个电子,就可以将氢的价壳层排满，要记得这是因为我们只需要排满，1，s，轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选