So once we cover it, it will then be fair game to ask these photoelectron spectroscopy or these photoelectric effect questions using the wavelength of the electron.

所以一旦我们涉及到它，问及光电子能谱或者,用电子的波长问及,光电效应是一样的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And the reason for this, and this is a very important point about the photoelectric effect, and the point here is that the electrons here are acting as particles, you can't just add those energies together.

这个现象的原因是，这是光电效应非常重要的一个论点,这个论点就是电子,在这里是粒子行为，你不能仅仅把这些能量加在一起。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Not only are we taking away an electron here, but we're also going to decrease shielding, so the electrons that are already in there are going to feel a higher z effective and will be pulling and the atom will be getting smaller.

这不只是因为我们拿走了一个电子，还因为我们这样做会减小屏蔽效应，这样留下的电子,将会感受到更大的有效核电量,也就会感受到更强的吸引力，使得原子变得更小。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And it turns out that if we're talking about a 2 s orbital in an ion, that means it doesn't have as many electrons in it, so what we're going to see is less shielding.

结果是当我们讨论,一个离子中的，2，s，轨道的时候，这意味着里面没有多的电子，那么电子的屏蔽效应会更小。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选