The electronic configuration, all it is is the shorthand notation for that one electron approximation for the Schrodinger equation for lithium.

电子构型就是，对于锂的薛定谔方程,的单电子近似的,简化形式。

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If a photon which has no mass can behave as a particle, does it follow then an electron which has mass can behave as a wave? 1920.

如果一个没有质量的光子,能像粒子一样运动，那么它能像一个,没有质量的电子那样以波的形式运动吗。

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For the carbon, we start with 4 valence electrons, we have 0 lone pair electrons minus 4, and we end up with a formal charge of 0.

对于碳，我们从四个价电子开始，我们有零个孤对电子，再减去四，最终我们有零个形式电荷。

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That file was electronic message, so suddenly in about 1971, we had e-mail. So an e-mail was pretty much the major use of the internet for the next 20 years.

那种文件就是电子消息，如此突然的，约在,1971年，我们有了电子邮件，电子邮件,基本上是此后20年互联网的主要运用形式。

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And we can also write this in an even simpler form, which is what's called electron configuration, and this is just a shorthand notation for these electron wave functions.

而且我们也可以将它，写为一个更简单的形式，它叫做电子构型,这个仅仅是这些电子波函数的。

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And instead of having the electron giving off energy as a photon, instead now the electron is going to take in energy from light and move up to that higher level.

与电子以光子形式施放能量不同,我们现在要从光中,获得能量到一个更高的能级。

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So for example, that might have a formal charge of negative 1, because to some extent it has gained that much electron density that it now has a formal charge that's negative.

比如，可能它的形式电荷为负一，因为在一定程度上它得到了这么多的共用电子密度,那么它现在就有了负的形式电荷。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And then we end up having 6 shared electrons, 2 from each of the bonds, so we end up with a formal charge on sulfur of plus 1.

然后我们有六个共用电子，每个键两个，因此最终硫的形式电荷量为正一。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

For the sulfur, we start off with 6 valence electrons, minus 4 lone pair electrons, minus 2, taking in account our bonding electrons, so we end up with a formal charge of 0.

对于硫，我们从六个价电子开始，减去四个孤对电子，再减去二，算上我们的成键电子，因此最终我们有零个形式电荷。

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So I put the electron configurations and actually drew it on an energy diagram here, so we can actually think about why this might be happening.

所以我写出了它们的电子排布,并画成了能级图的形式，这样我们就可以好好想一想,这个问题发生的原因。

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If we go to the oxygen atom, now we're talking about starting with 6 in terms of valence electrons again, but instead of 2, you can see we have 6 lone pair electrons around the oxygen minus 1/2 of 2, so we have minus 1 is our formal charge.

如果我们分析氧原子的话，现在我们讨论的还是,从六个价电子开始，但孤对电子不再是两个了，你会看到氧周围,有六个孤对电子，再减去二的一半，因此我们有一个负的形式电荷。

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So, we were talking, however, about energy in terms of electron affinity, so we can actually relate electron affinity to any reaction by saying if we have this reaction written as here where we're gaining an electron, we say that electron affinity is just equal to the negative of that change in energy.

但是，我们现在讨论的能量,是电子亲和能，因，此我们可以将电子亲和能,与任何反应联系起来,只要我们将反应写成这种得到电子的形式，我们说电子亲和能就等于,反应前后能量变化的负值。

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