Here is as pacemaker and this pacemaker does the same thing that a heart pacemaker does, it generates periodic electrical signals.

它和心脏起搏器发挥的作用相似,发出周期性的电信号

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They go through these wires and into these electrodes that are deep in your brain, and they stimulate tissue inside the brain.

电信号通过这些线路,传递至植入于大脑的电极中,由此刺激大脑中的组织

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So, in order to have fast transmission you do that by transmitting electrical signals; that happens pretty quickly.

所以 为了使信号迅速地传播,细胞使用电信号,它速度非常快

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But instead of those signals going to your heart they go into the brain.

但这些电信号针对的不是心脏而是大脑

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It turns out the electrical potential or electricity that you can measure on the surface of the body reflects things that are happening deeper inside like the beating of your heart.

人们已经证明在体表测量得到的电势能,或者电信号,能够表征,像心跳这样,身体较深处的变化

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The cells that take an electrical signal, which is coming down your nerve and convert it into a muscle contraction work this way, so 'neuro' nerve, muscle junctions act based on ligand-gated ion channels.

依靠相同的工作原理,细胞将来自于神经的,电信号传递到细胞收缩肌中,所以神经和肌肉关节运动,都基于配体门控离子通道

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Well, the mechanism that the cell uses to transmit information along itself, along this process which goes from my brain to my fingers, for example, is through an electrical signal called an action potential.

神经细胞沿突起,将信息从我的大脑传递到,手指的机制是,举例来说,是通过一种称为动作电位的电信号的作用

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It would generate an electrical signal because it would - you'd open the ion channel and you would ion fluxes and you would change the membrane potential in just the way I described for the action potential.

它会产生一个电信号,因为--,离子通道会打开,产生离子流,膜电位会改变,像我讲动作电位时那样

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This is a mechanism by which an electrical signal comes here, it gets translated into a chemical signal, the chemical diffuses across the gap and reinitiates a - an electrical signal in the next cell and that's one way that it happens.

这就是电信号产生的机理,电信号翻译成化学信号,化学物质扩散过突触间隙,重新激起下个细胞中的电信号,这是一种方式

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It can also happen in other ways, it could be a G-protein coupled receptor which we talked about last time, which indirectly activates another ion channel to start the electrical signal.

还可以有其他方式,可以通过G蛋白偶联受体,这我们上次谈过,它可以间接激活,另一个离子通道以开启电信号

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