And according to Klawans and others, ritual impurity arises from physical substances and states which are not in themselves sinful.

据克洛文和其他人所说，仪式的不洁是由自身有罪的,物质和状态引起的。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

How can we prevent murderous schoolyard violence in children who have access to weapons,poor parental supervision, and a mean streak?"

如何防止校园暴力,这些暴力事件通常是由掌握武器，缺乏父母监管，或受到教唆的孩子引起的“

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选

We know now that it's caused by a related virus, called vaccinia, remember the virus that causes smallpox is called variola.

我们现在知道这病由一种相关的病毒引起,这种病毒叫牛痘病毒,想想天花病毒也被叫做牛痘病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

All the energy that is inserted into this, which might be turbulence initially, becomes heat, or becomes -- it raises the temperature.

由振动引起的所有，进入系统的能量最后都变成了热，因此温度便升高了。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Type II Diabetes usually has its onset in adulthood-- that's beginning to change-- and is usually created by lifestyle factors: poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity.

型糖尿病多见于成人,情况现在开始改变,这种病通常由不良生活方式引起,不良的饮食,锻炼的缺乏以及肥胖

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

So yes. The cause has been innorthently borned by certain nations.

是的，战争是由几个国家引起的。

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选

We are also put in mind of how the war is, in fact, anything but a revel, though it, too, may have been provoked by a cause as insignificant and hard to trace as "some wizard vermin."

我们同样也思考事实上战争，只是一场狂欢，尽管它有可能,是由一个毫不重要难以追踪的“一些害虫“引起的“

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

And you can see in the song that Sabrina sings something of the mechanism, perhaps, by which this transition is effected. Look at line 897.

你们也可以在Sabrina唱的那首歌中看出,由转变引起的，一些办法，看第897行。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

The whole category of diarrheal diseases, caused by viruses called enteroviruses, where they, it infects your gut.

所有种类的腹泻,都是由肠道病毒引起的,它们感染了肠道

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, polio--the disease caused by polio can be a paralytic disease, crippling, and in some cases can lead to death if the disease progresses in certain ways.

小儿麻痹症便是由脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的,如果脊髓灰质炎发展到一定程度,患者不仅会瘫痪或者残疾,一些病例甚至可能死亡

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It's not the case that incongruity causes laughter.

笑不是由不一致引起的。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Now there are two types of diabetes, as you may know, there's Type I Diabetes which is a genetic abnormality that usually shows up in childhood or adolescents where people are dependent on insulin.

你们可能知道,糖尿病有两种类型,Ⅰ型糖尿病是由基因异常引起的,在儿童和青少年中较为多见,患这种病需要长期依赖胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

That little J shaped curve is explained primarily by cigarette smoking because that keeps weight down in people, it also makes people sick so that their weight gets low because of that, and it explains the high rates of the disease risk there.

这个小J形曲线主要是由吸烟引起的,因为吸烟一方面能让体重降低,另一方面也引起疾病,疾病让人们的体重下降,这也解释了这里的高患病风险

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

A related disorder involving the very same parts of the brain is called Cotard's syndrome.

另一种由大脑同一部位引起的障碍,叫做科塔尔综合症

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选