But, it doesn't guarantee it, because absent further argumentation, there's no guarantee that the soul survives the death of the body.

但这不能保证,由于缺乏进一步的论证,我们无法保证,在肉体死亡后灵魂仍然存活

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

It was also caused by just a general lack of confidence.

它同时也是由于,缺乏自信导致的。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选