In the first passage, the statement about language by criticism, that sign and meaning can never coincide, is what is precisely taken for granted in the kind of language we call "literary."

在第一段，关于语言的主张，用批判的方式，认为符号和意思永远不能相矛盾，正是这个主张,被人们认为是理所当然的，对于我们所说的文学语言来说“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

There is a Darwinian semiotics, understanding the relationships among species in semiotic terms.

达尔文主义的符号学，用符号学来研究物种间的关系。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

So this is a little bit of math, a little formality, but is everyone okay with that?

这里只是稍微用了点数学符号,还有简单的公式,大家都听懂了吗

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Now how in the world would you ever notate that?

你怎么可能把刚才这段音乐,用符号记录下来呢

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

In the classroom, you use this symbol.

而在课堂上 就用这个符号

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

But let me write that definition again, using or making use of the notation from the class.

但是现在我们用这些符号来,重新作一下优势策略的定义

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

It'll allow us to use our notation and just be a little bit more nerdy.

我们接下来要用枯燥的符号表示了

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Again, I need notation for payoffs.

我们用符号来表示收益

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So very similar idea, but the only thing is, I'm slightly abusing notation here by saying that my payoff depends on my strategy and a belief, but what I really mean is my expected payoff.

这和以前的概念差不多,唯一的不同,就是我这里稍微用了一些数学符号,来表述策略带来的收益与所持信念有关,这里的收益指的是预期收益

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

We talk in terms of high pitch and low pitch although we'll fine tune that next time, and then we have this idea of duration or time, which we tend to write out in symbols that move from your left to right.

我们是从高低方面来谈论音高,即使我们将于下次讲解曲调的问题,我们已经有了音符时值或时间的概念,我们倾向于用符号来表示,时间是从你的左边向右边移动的

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

So v of t, v is the limit, and we use the symbol dx/dt for velocity.

点的速度等于一个极限,我们用符号dx/dt表示速度

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

So in this course, I'll try and use "U" for utile, to be Player i's payoff.

在本课中,我用符号U来表示参与人的收益

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选