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They are creatures of majesty and dignity And they are of importance to, objects of concern for, the god who has created them.
他们是庄严而有尊严的生物,他们也非常重要，是关怀的对象，被那些创造他们的上帝关怀。
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but I'm more in the biology department, so that's about all I can tell you on that front.
但是我是生物系的，所以我能说的就这么多了，
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If you were to make that change you would find that the molecule now has completely different biological and chemical properties.
如果要做出这样的变化,你会发现,分子的生物形状,和化学性质完全改变了。
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All those creatures, which are very interesting, in the end, you are told, "There's a horse inside a railway carriage."
所有有趣的生物,到最后都变成了,"在一节车厢里有一匹马"
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If you are not allowed to see other pieces of nature, it's a profound encounter and so beautiful.
但当你看不到其他的生物时，这种际遇就是那么深刻而美妙。
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Some of those differences in cells are obvious if you look at the cells in an adult organism.
你留心观察某个成年的生物,就会发现某些细胞分化极其明显
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The governing of a distress call is actually an extremely delicate high-wire act for any young organism from an evolutionary point of view.
事实上，发出求救信号,是极其危险的行为,从进化的角度看,对任何一个年轻的生物体。
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My task in the class here isn't to do an in depth analysis of the biology or things--or scientific methods, or any things like that that would make you have to retain a lot of detail in the readings.
我在课上的任务不是用生物学的方法,或者类似的科学方法进行深入的分析,我的目的并非让你们记住这些细节
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But he also obviously writes that we are beings with will and purpose who are uniquely guided by opinions, ideas, and doctrines and it is in many ways the first business of the sovereign to act as a moral reformer of ideas.
但他同时也写道,我们是有意志和目标的生物,是唯一由言论，思想和各种学说，所引导的物种,而这正是给君主作为思想道德改造者,的存在提供了可能性。
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And so you get to build your own special purpose programming language that helped you solve your problems in biology or finance or whatever,
你读过的类型都可以,所以你就可以让编程语言按照你的,特殊用途去解决你的生物学,财务或者任何类型的问题，
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A lot of the examples that we're going to give you in terms of trying out your Lewis structures will be molecule that are used in organic synthesis, or maybe they're molecules that react in interesting ways with biomolecules in your body or proteins in your body.
很多我们将要用来,训练路易斯结构的例子,都是在有机合成中用到的分子，也有可能是那些在你体内的生物分子,或者蛋白质中发生有趣反应的分子。
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They bind sometimes better than the natural ligand does, but they don't create the right biological reaction.
结合的比天然配体和受体的的结合更紧密,但不能产生相同的生物效应
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So I think that we are complex beings.
我认为我们都是复杂的生物。
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It's a fact about our minds that doesn't hold true for many other creatures.
它是我们心理营造的事实,对其他的生物并不适用。
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This concept of introducing foreign genes, genes that are made of recombinant DNA into animals using this kind of technique is widely used in biomedical research.
这种通过基因重组,来向动物体内导入外源基因的方法,广泛应用于,各种生物医药的研究中
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I should mention that Yen is a PhD student in Biomedical Engineering and Serge is an M. D. /PhD student who's getting his PhD in Biomedical Engineering.
我要说的是,叶是生物医学工程的博士生,斯吉是医学和生物医学工程的双学位博士,他博士的研究方向是生物医学工程
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That's a lot of what stem cell biology is like - is about.
干细胞生物学的著作有很多
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But we are also strongly self-interested beings.
但同时我们也是极其利己的生物。
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Understanding this has really led to lots of advances in biology.
这些知识推动了生物学的发展
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It's not enough to understand the biology of how to create a vaccine, if you can't make enough of the vaccine or deliver it to people in ways that it's useful.
仅仅知道疫苗制造的,生物学原理是不够的,还得能生产出足够的疫苗,并在公众中广泛使用
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Rather, they emerge from contingent aspects of our biological nature.
相反，他们在我们的生物特性中,偶然呈现。
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Some words that are useful in this discussion, a 'host'. A host is the organism that you're interested in defending and it could be you or me or some typical person.
讨论中会用到一些词,宿主 宿主是,你对其免疫反应感兴趣的生物体,可以是你我,或者其他人
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It's the animal part of the self.
是自性中生物性的一面。
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And one claim, which we're going to return to briefly next class when we talk about language, is that there's a very, very big difference between a creature that doesn't have language and a creature that does.
我们下节课讲述语言时,会简单地讲述一个观点,也就是在未掌握语言的生物,与掌握语言的生物之间,存在着巨大的差异
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Those people would bank their calories, survive the next famine, contribute to the gene pool, and thereby create what we have today which are organisms, humans, who very much like the kind of diets that are creating problems.
这些人储存能量以保证,在下一次饥荒时得以幸存,使他们的基因保留在了基因库中,从而造就今天的生物体,即人类,人类非常喜欢这类饮食,从而引发了很多问题
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The number of calories you guys consume as a part of your diet, if you're the average person, is much higher than used to be the case and that has very interesting biological implications that we'll discuss.
从作为饮食一部分的饮料中摄取的热量,就普通人的情况而言,和过去相比要高得多,这包含了一层有趣的生物学含义
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This is by the famous biologist, D'Arcy Thompson, who wrote the book On Growth and Form, and it's sort of the model of many developmental psychologists and many evolutionary psychologists so I'll end with this: "Everything is the way it is because it got that way."
这是著名的生物学家,达西·汤普森所提出的,他写了一本叫做《论生长和形态》的书,这句话也是许多发展心理学家,和进化心理学的理论模型,所以我用这句话来作为结束,"万物如此,皆因其本"
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In fact, we'll talk about that concept throughout the course because one of the big challenges of making these sort of new biological therapies work in people to treat diseases is getting the right molecules into the right cells, at the right period of time.
实际上,我们会讲到一个,贯穿这门课程的概念,因为为了治疗疾病,而采用的新型生物学疗法,所面临的一个大问题就是,如何将正确的分子在适当的时候,转进正确的细胞当中
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What I want to spend the rest of the time doing is talking about some of the biological properties of DNA.
下面的时间我将讲解,一些DNA的生物学特性
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