Let's try it with a different equation of state, that isn't quite as simple as the ideal gas case.
考虑一个不同的状态方程,这状态方程不像理想气体状态方程那么简单。
so ideally I sort of want to get a Ph.D with sociology so that I can go international travel,
所以,理想状态下,我有点想要拿到社会学的博士学位,这样我就可以跨国旅游了,
So let's take our one model that we keep going back to Equation of state, and just see how it works.
我们回到经常使用的理想气体模型,或者说状态方程。
Ideally, life insurance is insuring people-- or fire insurance is insuring people-- against independent events, so it's not the fire of London.
理想状态下,人寿保险,或者是火灾险,承保的对象都是独立事件,伦敦大火的例子不在讨论范围
The story is explaining how these odd conditions of life came to be as they are, which is not to say that it's the ideal situation or even that it's God's will for humankind these are etiological fables, and they're best read as such.
这个故事解释了,这些奇怪的生活状态,并不是说,这些便是理想的,甚至是根据上帝旨意的生活状态,而是阐述为什么会这样的原因,这是最好的解释。
What is the optimum? what is the ideal?
什么是最有利的选择?什么是理想状态?
You've got to squeeze absolutely everything out of it, and so it was ideal from the standpoint of teaching and was, it seems to me, also wonderfully galvanizing intellectually because it really did make people think: "look how intricate what I thought was simple turns out to be."
你得完完全全把东西都挤干净了,正因如此,从教学本身的立场来看,这就是理想状态了,而在我看来,它能使人如醍醐灌顶,因为它真的在引导人们思考:,“我想象得很复杂的东西原来是这么简单的一回事儿啊!“
Very idealistic, but that's not the way the world works.
都是理想气体,而非实际的状态。
For real gases, there's a whole bunch of equation the states that you can find in textbooks, and I'm just going to go through a few of them.
这是理想气体的状态方程,对实际气体,你可以在教科书里,找到许多描述它们的,状态方程。
Or, if we know the equation of state from a model, ideal gas, van der Waal's gas, whatever, u now we can determine u.
或者如果我们知道模型的状态方程,比如理想气体,范德瓦尔斯气体,无论什么,我们就可以利用状态方程得到内能。
So from measured equation of state data, or from a model like the ideal gas or the van der Waal's gas or another equation of state you know this.
所以,从测量的到的状态方程的数据,或者从状态方程模型比如理想气体方程,范德瓦尔斯方程或者其他状态方程,我们就可以知道。
.. The problem is again the ideal-- they're trying to work toward what I think of an ideal that we see in finance-- 1 mainly, the perfect correlation of consumption and the elimination of risk--we all help each other.
问题又回到了理想-,他们为之奋斗的这种理想状态,如果用金融学的理念来解读-,就是消费与风险消除的相关系数为,即完全正相关,所有人都互助互利。
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