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Behind this environment are the great social processes of migration and modernization that produced that new urban form, the metropolis.
在这种环境背后是移民和现代化的重大社会进程,所带来的新的城市形式，即大都市。
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All that is solid melts into air," Karl Marx said, evoking the accelerating transformation of modern economic and social life.
正如卡尔马克思所说，“一切坚不可摧的都烟消云散了“,唤起了现代经济和社会生活,产生变革的加速。
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He seems to have known something about the modern economic theory of society long before modern economics was even developed.
而且是公开的驳斥,他似乎已知现代社会的经济原理,且是在现代经济学开始发展之前。
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It was a society that eventually developed a disdain for what they perceived as the corruptions of modern commercialism.
南方社会,对他们认为的腐败的现代重商主义,持有一种相当鄙夷的态度
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These are not the only problems posed by the Western tradition in its modern form, which is what we live in.
这些问题不仅仅存在于,西方现代社会,也就是,我们现在生活的社会
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We get to modern conditions where we something like this.
我们进入了现代社会,就像这样的情况
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.. I think that what's happening is these ideas-- Everything is evolving, so I'm actually presenting here our modern finance as the outgrowth of socialism, but that's not the usual way to present it.
我认为这些想法观念也正在-,一切都在进步，但我真正想表达的是现代金融,也可以被解读为社会主义的一个产物，这种解读并不常见。
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Do you think I should neck or not? I shall not enter the kingdom of heaven anyway so I don't see what difference it makes.'" And then she writes back, Mary Brittle: "Dear Sabbath: Light necking is acceptable, but I think your real problem is one of adjustment to the modern world.
你认为我是该做还是不该做，我反正都上不了天堂了,因此，我认为做不做都无所谓，之后她给她回信了，玛丽-巴瑞特，亲爱的萨巴斯，你的做法是可接受的，但我认为,你真正的问题是无法融入现代社会。
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The modern state, as we have come to understand it, is based upon the separation of civil society from governing authority.
我们所了解的现代国家，是根据,区隔公民社会与统治当局的角度来看。
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But the modern world, to get back to that, to this Enlightenment world, individualism and a key aspect to that is hedonism.
但是回到现代社会,回到启蒙时期的世界,个人主义的关键在于享乐主义
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Modernity is, in his work, a condition of social and psychological fragmentation which is both a private, personal dilemma and a public one, as he understands it.
在他的作品里，现代性，是一种社会和心理上的零散状态,就他而言，这既是个人的僵局，也是社会的停滞不前。
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Now, you don't have to buy that and individuals undoubtedly found the strain too much from time to time, but what's interesting, is rather the ideal, the claim, the theory.
你不必非得接受这些理论,况且现代社会常充斥着个人主义倾向,但是那些理想,主张和理论却更意味深长
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Now, there were other localized slave societies, surely; certainly within Africa, to a certain degree even before Europeans arrived and certainly after Europeans arrived, particularly after the regularization of the Atlantic slave trade.
除此之外当然还有很多小区域奴隶社会,非洲当然有,甚至是原始欧洲,欧洲现代人到来后当然更多,特别是在,大西洋奴隶贸易合法化之后
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He seems, in this way, to anticipate what we might think of as the modern welfare state that public assistance be provided, and the poor, not simply depend on the private goodwill of the others.
如此看来,霍布斯已经预见到了,我们现代社会国家福利制度的出现，穷人不只依靠个人的善意施舍度日,更多的是求助于国家提供的福利保障。
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This is less of a problem in modern life then it used to be, but because things are supplemented and fortified-- overly so in some cases-- but still the deficiencies are less common then they used to be.
相比过去,这在现代社会中已不太多见,因为如今很多食物有人工添加的微量元素,有些甚至是过度添加了,但相比过去,缺乏微量元素已不那么常见了
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So I'm going to leave it on that note and on Wednesday we will begin the study of one of Machiavelli's greatest and most profound disciples in the modern world, a man by the name of Thomas Hobbes.
那么我就到此为止了，星期三的时候,我们将开始研讨现代社会中,马基雅维利的一位伟大而见解深刻的门徒,他的名字叫做托马斯霍布斯。
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From the ensuing rebellion came limited constitutional representative government and ultimately our modern form of democracy.
从接踵而来的反抗运动到,受限制的代议制宪政政府,最终到我们现代的民主社会
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