He'd had a very royal accident, he'd broken his leg falling off a horse, and he had a terrible limp.
他出了一场只有王室贵族才会出的事故,从马上摔下来,断了一条腿,腿瘸得很厉害
He was captivated by it, he--at one point I think he convinced himself that he was a descendant of the kings of that civilization.
他对其如痴如醉,他...我相信有一段时间他甚至将自己,视为那个文明的王室后裔
But these are royal bureaucracies that expand dramatically in size.
但是我们现在讨论的王室官僚体系,却是一个庞然大物
He'd gone to Kentucky and drunk lots of Bourbon once, he carried an umbrella, that sort of middle class symbol of protection, and he is chased from the throne in 1848.
他去过肯塔基州,嗜好波旁威士忌,他有一顶保护伞,即他是中产阶级的象征,他在1848年被王室追捕
That's what, of course, makes it clear they were royal; by the way, there are only a few of these graves over a large period of time.
这些也说明了墓主人是王室,顺带一提,在很长一段历史时期,这样的墓穴寥寥无几
There were already bureaucrats representing the royal will.
当时已经出现了代表王室意志的官僚机构
You have this bureaucracy that's--it's not really a bureaucracy, but you've got these royal officials representing the royal will, but the actual impact in this vast expanse of the Russian empire isn't that great.
拥有庞大的官僚机构,并非是真正的官僚,但这些皇亲贵戚的确代表了王室的意愿,而实际上,它对幅员辽阔的俄国产生的影响绝非那般重大
So, what happens with all this is that absolute rule impinges directly on the lives of ordinary people more than kingly, or queenly, or princely, or archbishoply power had intruded on the lives of ordinary people before that.
随之而来的结果就是,绝对王权统治,比起之前的王室以及教会的统治,对普通民众的直接影响要严重地多
And these people--this is kind of boring-- but these people were in government between 1830 and 1848, and King Louis-Philippe, who was chased from the throne in February of 1848, was seen as progressive, he was seen as the bourgeois monarch but he was perfectly noble.
这些人有点乏味,他们在1830年到1848年执政,国王是路易·菲利普,他在1848年二月被王室追捕,他被视为进取者,被视为资产阶级的君主,但他完全是个贵族
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