And it turns out that the dog— when they zapped part of its brain, its leg would kick up.

结果是那只狗,当研究者们电击某个大脑区域时,狗的四肢便会乱踢起来

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

To put it differently, in order to know what "Dogs" means, you never had to learn the word "Dogs."

换个说法,为了知道"狗狗们"的意思,你不需要去学"狗狗们"这个词

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

All you had to know is the word "Dog" and the plural morpheme 's' and you could put them together to create a word.

你只需知道"狗"这个词以,及复数语素'们',你可以将它们组合在一起来创造出一个词

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So, "Dogs" and "Complained" are one word, but two morphemes and what this means is that you make the word by putting together two morphemes.

因此,"狗狗们"和"抱怨的",都是由两个语素组成的单一词,这也就意味着,你将两个语素组合在一起成为了一个词

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选