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It's a very interesting discussion, but he also talks--and this is discussed in his book-- about the concept of nutritionism.
这是一次非常有趣的探讨,他在书中还提到了,营养学的理念
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Willett is a very prominent nutrition researcher and his name will come up in a variety of context in the class.
沃尔特是一名出色的营养学研究员,以后的课会经常提到他的名字
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All right, I'd like to continue what we started discussing last week, which is some fundamental information on nutrition.
好的,我想继续上周讨论的话题,即,一些营养学的基本信息
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Now so-- just in that little quiz you can see that you guys have varying levels of knowledge about nutrition.
根据刚才的测试可以发现,对于营养学,你们的知识量各有不同
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They're the magic nutrient books: carbohydrates, fat, whatever it happens to be, that's one theme you could follow.
它们是些神奇的营养学书籍,碳水化合物,脂肪,或者其它东西,都可以成为著书的主题
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So those are the terms that get used a lot in the field.
这两个是营养学领域里广泛使用的术语
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Because the government spends so little money on educating about--people about nutrition, especially compared to what the food industry spends, that it doesn't--it almost doesn't matter what this is.
这是由于政府在营养学教育上投入太少,远远不及食品行业对营养研究的投入,因此它似乎变得无关紧要
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Here's a quick quiz, just to get your sense, I'm not expecting necessarily to get these right, but just to get a sense of a few issues with nutrition.
先来个快速测验,只凭你们的感觉,我不要求各位给出正确答案,只是听听大家对几个营养学问题的想法
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Now of course, nutrition is the kind of subject that one could spend the whole semester on, could spend--do multiple classes on, because it's a very interesting, fascinating, and complex topic.
当然,要学习营养学这门课程,可能需要整个学期的时间,耗费很多课时,因为这个话题十分有趣,且吸引人,而又一言难尽
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Okay, now let's get to talk about nutrition.
好,我们现在开始讲营养学
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So nutrition is really what people are eating; and that overlaps with the concept of diet, which is when people are making specific choices about what to eat, how do they partition their nutrients.
营养学研究的是人们吃的东西,及其与饮食概念的交叉学科,也就是人们决定吃什么之后,如何区分其中的营养素
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His name will come up again in several contexts later in this class, and then also in subsequent classes because he's a very fine nutrition researcher, one of the best in the world.
他的名字还会在这节课的后半段,及之后的课程中还会反复提及,因为他是一位非常出色的营养学专家,在世界上数一数二
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And because of this nutritionism, because of the reductionism where we have become so precise about what we eat in terms of its tiny constituents that we've lost track of the bigger picture of food.
由于被营养学,以及简化论所左右,使得我们对食物的,简化论:社会调查的一个名词指用个体层次资料揭示宏观层次的现象 每一点细节都变得特别在意 即用比较低的分析单位来测量而作出的是比较高的分析单位才能得出的结论,反而失去与食物在宏观上的联系
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But I would like to give you some of the rudiments about nutrition, especially about how we measure nutrition and then what it means for health, and we'll talk more about that in the next class.
但我很乐意教给你们一些营养学基础知识,尤其是如何评估营养,及其对健康的意义之所在,下一堂课我们会更加深入地探讨
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If we defined food differently: that it's something that nurtures the body, something found in nature, something that doesn't harm the environment-- there are a number of criteria one can apply to define a food-- then we might come up with a different definition than this, but this is the way the nutrition field generally looks at it.
如果我们给出不同的定义,滋养身体的物质,在自然界找到的物质,不会威胁到身体的物质,有很多标准可以拿出来定义食物,我们也许可以就此重新进行定义,但这就是营养学看待食物的方式
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