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So the state variables describe the equilibrium's state and they don't care about how this state got to where it is.
状态变量,描述平衡态，它们并不关心,系统是如何演化成这样的。
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If you go back to this particular graphic, the interesting thing is how have humans changed and what are they like now.
如果你回过头来看这张图,思考人类是如何演化的,现在又成为什么样
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Then again, you will find the evolution of the planetary motion, because the rate of change of the rate of the change of the position is connected to the position.
同样地,这就是行星运动的演化过程,因为行星位移的变化率的变化率,与它的位移有关
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Now these changes, these human evolutionary changes, have created some very interesting metabolic things inside our bodies.
而今,这些改变,这些人类演化造成的变化,在人体内产生了一些很有意思的代谢过程
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So it was a major change in human evolution where people started raising animals in large groups or started growing plants in large amounts.
这在人来演化史上是个巨大的变革,人类开始大规模饲养动物,或是大量种植农作物
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This is a really pretty dramatic change in human evolution and the question is: what happened?
在人类演化中,这是个戏剧性的变化,问题是,到底发生了什么
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Here's a little video clip that I'd like to show you that talks about evolution and how humans have evolved in relationship to their food.
接下来我们看段视频,主要讲述了生物演化,还有人类和食物之间的演化关系
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Now let's get onto the course topic for today, which is food and evolution.
现在我们要进入今天的主题,即食品和人类演化
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So it makes sense from an evolutionary point of view.
因此 这从生物演化角度讲的通
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I alluded to this a little bit in the first class about how humans have evolved to seek out energy because famine was the largest threat is one example of this.
第一节课的时候我提到了,人类是如何演化以便寻找能量,因为饥荒是最大的威胁,这是其中一例
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It's important to understand the ancestral diet to see why we've evolved, the biological reasons we are the humans we are today, but it also helps instruct us about what we might happen to do.
了解祖先的饮食结构非常重要,它帮助我们理解人类为何演化,找出造成我们现状的生物学成因,这也有助于我们找到应对方法
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We can think about this in an evolutionary way, as I've alluded to a lot, but if you think about it from a completely Darwinian point of view, and you think about these food conditions where food would be scarce in ancient times.
我们可以从生物演化的角度来看这个问题,我已经提到过很多了,但是如果你完全从达尔文学说的角度思考,从食品条件想想,在古代,哪里可能出现食物短缺
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Here is a picture of a cover from the journal--the magazine The Economist who were writing about food and nutrition in modern times and they created this graphic for the website to show the evolution of humans.
这是来自《经济学人》杂志的一篇关于,现代食品和营养的报道,他们为网站制作了这张图,来演示人类的演化过程
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It's happened over the course of millions of years of human evolution, but it's happened also in a relatively recent time frame when we think about the American diet and what people are eating, but also the world diet of course.
它们发生在人类数百万年的演化历程中,在近现代,当我们考虑美国人的食谱,当然也包括全世界的食谱,同样在发生着这些变革
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