Doesn't respond as well to killed vaccines, and that's why the Salk vaccine has to be injected at a high dose.

但却对灭活的疫苗没有那样强烈反应,这也是索尔克氏疫苗为何,必须大剂量注射的原因

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So, today without evolution, we wouldn't be able to have vaccines so,

所以，没有进化论，我们就发明不了疫苗，

查尔斯达尔文的地位 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

There's no company that's making smallpox vaccine anymore because there's no reason to make smallpox vaccine, because nobody would buy it, right?

没有公司还生产天花疫苗,因为没有人购买天花疫苗,因此早就没有理由继续生产它了,对吧

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You also know that there's some vaccines that are not yet available, for diseases that we would very much like to prevent.

你们知道现在还有一些疫苗,仍没有研制出来,都是针对那些亟需预防的疾病的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Well, there's a whole population of people who are younger than me that never got smallpox vaccines, right?

所有比我小的人,都没有接种过天花疫苗,对吧

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So, some of these cases were probably due to polio that was transmitted by incompletely killed virus that was present in the vaccine.

因此,那些病例的发病的原因,是被那些疫苗中携带的,没有被完全杀死的病毒感染

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Children get diseases from a class of viruses called rotaviruses, for which we have no vaccine, and- and so no way to protect them.

儿童因轮状病毒而生病,而我们没有针对这种病毒的疫苗,所以,所以我们没有办法保护儿童

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So, none of you in this room, I'm 100% confident, never ever got a smallpox vaccine.

所以我百分百确信这间教室里所有人,没有一个人接种过天花疫苗

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It turned out that one of--there were three vaccine manufacturers, one of them was using the procedure not quite correctly, they weren't completely killing the virus when they produced their vaccine.

结果显示,疫苗的生产厂家一共有三个,其中一家的生产程序不是非常正确,他们在生产疫苗的时候,并没有完全杀死病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So she got a certificate at the end thanking her for participating in the clinical trial, and also telling her to go get the real vaccine because she hadn't had it yet.

试验最后,她得到了一个证明其参与,这项临床试验的证书,并且被告之要去注射真的疫苗,因为她还没有被注射过

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It wasn't used in the general population.

该疫苗没有用于普通大众

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And so there's a lot of interest, not just in developing vaccines for diseases that we don't have vaccines for, but for delivering vaccines that are more effective.

所以我们感兴趣的领域,不仅包括针对还没有疫苗的疾病,来研发疫苗,还要开发更有效的疫苗

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None of these do we have vaccines for, and it's turned out that sexually transmitted diseases for a variety of reasons, we'll come back to later, are particularly difficult to develop vaccines for.

这些病我们都没有疫苗,已经证明,对于性传播疾病,有很多原因使得,我们稍后回来再讲,针对这类疾病的疫苗特别难做出来

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Because there's no naturally occurring smallpox.

因为没有天然的天花疫苗

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