So, electron promotion does not happen in terms of nitrogen, because it would not increased our number of unpaired electrons.

这里对于氮原子不会有电子激发，因为这不会增加,未配对电子的数目。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So in terms of the first step of skeletal structure, this is actually going to be easier because we don't have a central atom, we just have carbon and nitrogen here.

对于第一步画出骨架，其实比刚才更容易,因为我们没有一个中心原子，我们这里只有碳和氮两个原子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Here is the atomic nitrogen, here is the atomic nitrogen and these are the orbitals of molecular nitrogen.

这是氮原子，这是氮原子,然后这是氮气的分子轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, why don't you go ahead and tell me, keeping that in mind, which atom in terms of h c or n would you expect to be in the center of hydrogen cyanide?

那么，请大家来告诉我，并且记住它，你认为氢，碳和氮中哪个原子,应该在氰化氢的中间呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So if we take a look at nitrogen here, what you'll notice is we have thre available for bonding, - and we already have our lone pair -- one of our orbitals is already filled up.

如果我们看一下氮原子，我们注意到我们可以成3个键，我们已经有一个孤对-,其中的一个轨道已经被填满了。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, that also tells us that the n minus ion is less stable than the neutral atom itself.

而且，这还告诉我们,负一价的氮离子不如中性氮原子稳定。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, for instance, this would suggest to us by the way it's written that the hydrogen is attached to the nitrogen and not the oxygen.

因此，比如，这样的写法会提醒我们,这个氢原子是与氮原子成键的，而不是氧。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So our skeleton tells us that carbon is in the middle, so we'll put the h on one side, and the n on the other side there.

我们的骨架告诉我们碳原子应该放在中间，因此我们把氢原子放在一边，把氮原子放在另外一边。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

- Then also, nitrogen, 3 minus -- these are all going to be isoelectronic with neon.

然后还有，氮，负三价-,这些都是与氖原子等电子的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

For example, we can talk about nitrogen, and nitrogen has five valence electrons shown here.

例如，我们可以讨论氮原子，氮原子有5个价电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, let's, for example, look at nitrogen. So n 2, we can do the chart here in green, so it's the green dotted line, and what we see is that we have now defined this energy as where the 2 nitrogen atoms are separated.

那么，让我们举个例子，看一下氮，那么氮分子，我们可以把它用绿色曲线画在这，这是绿色的虚线，可以看到,我们已经定义为零点能，当两个氮原子分离时。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Here is octet for the left, octet for the right.

左边和右边的氮原子都满足八隅律。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

We can do the same thing for nitrogen.

我们可以对氮原子重复这个过程。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

If we look at our last structure here where we have nitrogen the middle, we can also figure out all those formal charges, and in this case we have plus 1 on the nitrogen, we have minus 2 on the carbon, and then we end up with a 0 on the sulfur there.

如果我们来看看最后一个结构,在中间的原子是氮，我们同样可以计算出所有的形式电荷，而在这种情况下，氮为正一，碳为负二，而最后硫为零。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Three unpaired electrons in nitrogen.

有三个未成键电子在氮原子中。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

It's a sigma bond, - and it's going to be -- N2sp3 no. OK, it's going to be nitrogen 2 s p 3, because it's a nitrogen atom, 1s and then hydrogen 1 s.

它是sigma键，它是-,不，OK，它是，因为这是个氮原子，然后是氢。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选