-
Let's look at the energetics of one of those electrons crashing into a hydrogen atom inside the gas tube.
我们一起来考察一下,其中的一个电子的能量,在阴极射线管中,撞击到氢原子上。
-
But it is interesting. Let's just, for an order of magnitude say what happens for ground state electron in atomic hydrogen?
但行星模型其实挺有趣的，按照重要的先后顺序，我们来猜想一下,氢原子中的基态电子会发生些什么？
-
So we'll take h 2 and we'll run -- or actually we'll have h 2 filled in an evacuated glass tube.
我们马上就会在氢原子上试一试,我们用氢气-我们把玻璃管充满氢气。
-
So we can have four total hydrogens bonding here, - and we can think about how to describe these carbon- carbon bonds.
我们这里一共有四个氢原子成键，我们可以考虑怎么来-,描述碳碳键。
-
So if I tell you that the energy for single hydrogen atom is negative 13 12 kilojoules per mole.
如果我告诉大家单个氢原子的能量,是负的，1312，千焦每摩尔。
-
And one thing I want to tell you to start out with is something about this c h 3 group here.
有一点需要告诉大家的是,从这个一个碳原子和三个氢原子的组合开始。
-
In the early 1850s, Angstrom, up at the University of Uppsala in Sweden was conducting experiments on atomic hydrogen.
在19世纪50年代的头几年，阿姆斯特朗，那时还在瑞典的乌普萨拉大学里,做了一个有关氢原子的实验。
-
And so, each hydrogen has access to each electron, and now we have a satisfied system.
每个氢原子都有两个电子，这是一个令人满意的体系。
-
In other words, just want to know where the electron is somewhere within the shell radius of the ground state of atomic hydrogen anywhere.
换言之，我只是想知道,电子在哪,可以在氢原子基态下的半径,里面的任何地方。
-
So, what we get for the disassociation energy for a hydrogen atom is 424 kilojoules per mole.
因此，我们就得到了氢原子,离解能的大小为，424，千焦每摩尔。
-
One of the main difference is is that when you're talking about multi-electron orbitals, they're actually smaller than the corresponding orbital for the hydrogen atom.
其中最主要的区别之一,是当你讨论多电子轨道时,它们实际上，要比对应的氢原子轨道,要小一些。
-
Because what it tells is that we can figure out exactly what the radius of an electron and a nucleus are in a hydrogen atom.
我们可以,准确的算出,氢原子中,电子。
-
All right. So, let's pick up where we left off, first of all we're still on the hydrogen atom from Monday.
好，让我们从上次停下的地方讲起，我们还要讲周一讲的氢原子。
-
we know that h is always terminal, right after the molecule that it's attached to.
我们知道氢原子永远都在末端，放到和它成键的分子的后面。
-
If you look on the Periodic Table this is 598 atomic hydrogen. And, sure enough, there is 13.598, which is this number here in electron volts.
如果你查找元素周期表上的氢原子,毫无疑问，它的电离能就是13。,这个数值也是电子伏的值。
-
Then we'll move on to talking about the binding energies, and we'll specifically talk about how that differs from the binding energies we saw of hydrogen atoms.
然后我们将会讨论结合能,而且我们将特别地讨论，那个如何与氢原子,的结合能不同,我们讨论氢原子特别深入。
-
He had a tube with electrodes potted in it filled with atomic hydrogen. And by applying a voltage, he was able to get the gas to glow.
那是个装满了氢原子并含有电极的管子,通过增加一个电压，他让气体燃烧起来了。
-
Now I have lambdas associated with transitions between energy levels in atomic hydrogen.
现在我把波长和,氢原子中的,能级跃迁联系起来。
-
So let's draw the electron configuration of hydrogen, the molecule, molecular hydrogen.
让我们来画氢原子的,电子构型，分子，氢分子。
-
who conducted the experiment of hydrogen emission spectrum in a magnetic field.
塞曼做了一个,磁场中的氢原子光谱实验。
-
But, at the same time, another hydrogen would have to do that.
与此同时，另一个氢原子会那样做。
-
Also, when we're looking at the Schrodinger equation, it allows us to explain a stable hydrogen atom, which is something that classical mechanics did not allow us to do.
当我们看一个薛定谔方程的时候，它给出一个稳定的氢原子,这是在经典力学中做不到的。
-
We're going to be looking at the solutions to the Schrodinger equation for a hydrogen atom, and specifically we'll be looking at the binding energy of the electron to the nucleus.
我们将研究下氢原子薛定谔方程的解,特别是电子和核子的结合能,我们将研究这部分。
-
So if we're talking about the fourth excited state, and we talk instead about principle quantum numbers, what principle quantum number corresponds to the fourth excited state of a hydrogen atom.
如果我们说的是,第四激发态，我们用,主量子数来描述，哪个主量子数对应了,氢原子的第四激发态？
-
In terms of where different atoms are in a molecule, if you have a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, you can pretty much guarantee they're always going to be terminal atoms.
对于不同原子在分子中的位置，如果你有一个氢原子或者一个氟原子，那你基本可以保证,它们总是最末端的原子。
-
So, for example, in a hydrogen atom, if you take the binding energy, the negative of that is going to be how much energy you have to put in to ionize the hydrogen atom.
例如在氢原子里面,如果你取一个结合能,它的负数就是。
-
Well, we would have to H+ have one of these hydrogen atoms go to an H plus, * plus an electron, right? **H --> H+ + e-** So, now we have a hydrogen ion here.
我们先要让,一个氢原子变成氢离子，加上一个电子，对么*,我们现在有一个氢离子了。
-
And even though he could figure out that this wasn't possible, he still used this as a starting point, and what he did know was that these energy levels that were within hydrogen atom were quantized.
这是不可能的了,但他还是以此为出发点，他知道，氢原子的这些能级,是量子化的,而且他也知道，我们上节课所看到现象。
-
If we want to talk about two hydrogen atoms, then we just need to double that, so that's going to be negative 2 6 2 4 kilojoules per mole that we're talking about in terms of a single hydrogen atom.
而要讨论两个氢原子，我们只需要把它乘以二，因此应该是负的，2624，千焦每摩尔,这就是单个的氢原子的情况。
-
When we increase the potential between the 2 electrodes that we have in the tube -- we actually split the h 2 into the individual hydrogen atoms, and not only do that, but also excite the atoms.
当我们增大两个电极之间电压,我们有-我们可以把氢气2,分解成单个的氢原子，不仅这样，还能激发原子。
应用推荐