-
It's going to have some volume, temperature to begin with, and then we're going to do something to it.
气体有一定的，体积与温度，现在我们。
-
The molar volume is being changed a little bit trying to make things collide with each other, they can't occupy the same volume.
摩尔体积发生了很小的改变,如果你试图使气体分子间相互碰撞，他们不能占据同一个位置。
-
This is the fact that we occupy a finite volume in space, because they're little hard spheres in this molecule.
这是由气体分子在空间中,占据有限体积造成的,因为事实上它们是硬的小圆球。
-
That for an ideal gas it has to be the case that there's no volume dependence of the energy.
我们可以直接推导这个结果,即证明对理想气体，内能和气体体积无关。
-
So that you could see that for the ideal gas, u would not be a function of volume, but only of temperature.
所以我们可以看到对理想气体，内能不依赖于体积，而仅仅是温度的函数。
-
So, you do this measurement, you measure with the gas, you measure the pressure and the molar volume.
现在让压强趋于，现在测量气体的压强，和摩尔体积。
-
This is an example where the external pressure here is kept fixed as the volume changes, but it doesn't have to be kept fixed.
在我们举的这个例子中,外界压强不变，气体体积改变。
-
They don't care that there are other atoms and molecules around. So that's basically what you do when you take p goes to zero.
这正是当压强无限小时,气体的行为,气体的体积无限大。
-
It means that the molecules or the atoms and the gas don't know about each other.
气体分子本身的体积,可以忽略不计。
-
Now, if this is an ideal gas, we know that pressure is equal to nRT over volume.
如果这是一个理想气体系统，我们知道压强等于nRT除以体积。
-
And the fudge factor is called z.
理想气体的体积。
-
In this case, V = /P. Have two quantities and the number of moles gives you another property. You don't need to know the volume. All you need to know is the pressure and temperature and the number of moles to get the volume.
以及气体的摩尔数,就可以得到第三个量,知道压强，温度和气体的,摩尔数就可以推导出气体的体积,这称为状态方程,它建立了状态函数之间的联系。
-
If z is greater than 1, then the real gas means that the atoms and molecules in the real gas are repelling each other and wants to have a bigger volume.
如果Z大于,说明实际气体的分子间斥力较强,体积比理想气体要大,我们可以查表找到。
-
v1 So we have p1, V1. We have stops.
内部气体压强为p1，体积为。
-
p2 There is going to be an internal pressure where T1 p1 is less than p2 and there's V1 and T1 here.
内部气体压强p1小于,体积为V1，温度为。
-
Minus p, right? But in fact, if you go back to the van der Waal's equation of state b here's RT over v minus b.
再减去p，对吗，但是实际上，如果你代回范德瓦尔斯气体的状态方程,这里是RT除以摩尔体积减去。
-
The property is the limit as p goes to zero of pressure times molar volume.
与摩尔体积的乘积,在气体压强p趋于0时的极限。
-
For the ideal gas, we know that u is volume independent.
对于理想气体,我们知道u与体积无关。
-
It's the pressure the external world is applying on this poor system here.
V是气体初态和,末态的体积之差。
-
So we're going to start with a mole of gas, V at some pressure, some volume, T temperature and some mole so V, doing it per mole, and we're going to do two paths here.
假设有1摩尔气体，具有一点的压强p，体积，温度，我们将让它，经过两条不同的路径。
应用推荐