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But suppose if you think about death you just get too depressed and you can't live life to the fullest.
但假设如果你考虑了死亡,你就变得抑郁,你就没法尽情地活。
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All right. So I've been talking for, actually now a couple of weeks I suppose, about the central badness of death.
好了，我已经谈了，几个星期，关于死亡的坏处。
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That's a crucial mistake that we make when we first try to come to terms with what Freud means by "the death wish."
如果我们一开始就试图理解弗洛伊德所谓的,“死亡冲动“就犯了大错误了“
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It's a table showing the probability of dying at each age, for each age and sex.
这个图表反映了两性在不同年龄段中,死亡的概率
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That you put together diseases of the heart, cancer, stroke, and then chronic respiratory diseases, those first top four are accounting for a huge number of deaths.
心脏病,癌症,中风,和慢性呼吸道疾病,这四大疾病加起来造成了大量死亡
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You're pushing him and that's different ... than steering something that is going to cause death into another... You know, it doesn't really sound right saying it now.
是你在推他，这不同于,操控方向盘进而导致了他人死亡。,现在听起来好像不太对头了。
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So we're going to listen now to the end of Strauss's Death and Transfiguration, and again we've got the idea of the octave, then the fifth, then the fourth.
我们下面会,听施特劳斯的死亡与净化直至结束,我们再次了解了八度音阶,然后是第五音阶,第四音阶
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That would be tantamount to creating divine enemies, immortal enemies So God must maintain the upper hand in his struggle with these humans who have learned to defy him. And he maintains the upper hand in this, the fact that they eventually must die.
因为，这相当于创造了一个，旗鼓相当，永生的敌人,所以，上帝在与，这些学会反抗他的人类争斗时,占了上峰，利用他的优势,决定了人类必将死亡的命运。
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They live much longer lives and they live to die of something else and the leading causes of death currently haven't changed very much since 1997 when this data was published: they die of heart disease and cancer primarily.
人们活的更久了,不过会死于另一些疾病,如今导致死亡的主要原因,并没有太大的变化,自一九九七年有相关数据公开开始,其显示人们主要死于心脏病和癌症
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When the body breaks some more, you get the loss of biological or B-functioning, and then the body dies.
身体继续损坏，身体功能也会开始消失，肉体就死亡了。
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So again,we don't have any clear, true interpretation of the claim that nobody can take my place, even with regard to dying.
所以我们还是没有一个清晰的，真实的关于没人能取代我的诠释，更不用说死亡了。
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An obvious problem with this theory, and Freud acknowledges this problem in Beyond the Pleasure Principle, is that it's awfully hard to keep death and sex separate.
这个理论的有一个明显的问题，弗洛伊德在《超越快乐原则》中也承认了，那就是很难将死亡与性分开。
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Is that something that increases the badness of death, ? or does it reduce its significance somewhat?
这是否是某种增加了死亡坏处的事物，或者是否多少减小了些死亡的重要性？
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That puzzle aside, it seems to me that once we become physicalists, there's nothing especially deep or mysterious about death.
除了这个谜团，在我看来似乎在成为物理主义者之后，死亡并没有什么深刻和神秘的了。
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Death is bad insofar as it deprives you of a chunk of life that would have been good.
死亡是坏的，因为它剥夺了,你的本可以美好的生命。
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That leaves us with the possibility that there could be cases where you die and you don't survive.
我们就有了这样的可能,即便人死亡，无法存活。
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It could be called something which is a kind of pleasure and which therefore could be subsumed under the pleasure principle and would obviate the need for a theory of the death drive as Freud develops it in Beyond the Pleasure Principle.
可它也可看作是一种快乐,所以可以被归结到快乐原则中去,并且排除了弗洛伊德在《超越快乐原则》中阐述的,死亡驱动所需的理论基础。
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Because of course,if we said that, then I'd die as soon as I got a new belief.
因为如果那样说的话，我一旦有了新的信仰，就会被宣告死亡。
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In the normal case,I die when my body stops functioning, in terms of the body functions.
通常，我在身体停止运作时就死亡了，这说的是在生理功能停止。
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All of this suggests then that the unpredictability of our death adds an extra negative element.
这一切表明,死亡的不可预见性,添加了额外的负面因素。
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So if somebody comes along and says No,no,everybody dies alone, and dying as part of a joint undertaking is impossible, they're just saying something false.
如果有人说，不，大家都是孤独而死的，死亡作为共同行动是不可能的，他们就错了。
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But still, details and complications of the sort we've been considering aside, the fundamental badness of death is that it deprives me of life worth having.
但是，这种细节和复杂因素,我们不去考虑，死亡的基本坏处就是,它剥夺了值得拥有的生活。
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And to be dead then, is to be unable to engage in P-functioning.
而死亡就是，失去了人格功能性。
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And the truth of the matter is,when my body dies,that's all history.
而事实是，我肉体死亡时，一切都成过去了。
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having distinguished between what we've called the death of the body and the death of the person, the question whether or not you're going to die needs to be distinguished.
在我们分清了,肉体的死亡,和个人的死亡后，关于你是否会死的问题,也需要进行分辨。
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What would it mean for me to survive my death?
从死亡中存活对于我来说意味了什么？
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That's why we wish--maybe some of us believe, but at the very least the rest of us, many of us hoped--there were souls, so that death wouldn't have to be the end.
这就是为什么我们会希望，也许我们有人相信，但我们之中其他人，我们中的多数人希望有灵魂的存在，那样死亡就不是终结了。
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So it must be a mystery.
这就证明了死亡的神秘。
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All right. So again, what I've been asking us to think about are various aspects of death that might contribute to either increase or perhaps in certain ways reduce somewhat the badness of death.
好了，再一次，我们要考虑的是,死亡的各种,可能导致增加或者,在某些方面多少减少死亡坏处的方面。
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All right. Last time we started asking ourselves about what are some of the other aspects of death that might contribute to its badness, or at least other features of death that are worth thinking about.
好了，上一次我们开始自问这样一个问题,死亡还有什么其他的方面,可能导致其坏处的原因，或者至少是其他值得思考的死亡的特征。
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