Psychological framing" means the tendency for people to view things in a distorted way depending on how they're presented.

框架效应是指,一个问题两种在逻辑意义上相似的说法,会导致了不同的决策判断。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The percent of people who said yes to that was lower because they didn't put it in an insurance frame.

回答会签署的人占比极低,因为他们注意到框架效应的影响。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I thought this would be a good lead in to the second theme of this lecture, which is framing.

我认为这可以为第二个主题,即框架效应，开个好头。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

There are really three themes to today's lecture: a risk theme, a framing theme, and an invention theme.

今天的课有三个主题：,风险，框架效应及发明。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

.. So, we have to frame things as-- put things in the mental categories-- presentation matters-- so that people can manage their risks right.

因此由于框架效应-,我们会把事物按照心理类别分类-,所以得注意使用正确的表述方式-,以便去恰当的进行风险管理。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The second theme for this lecture is about framing.

这节课的第二个主题是框架效应。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Well, that's framing.

这就是框架效应。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Non-obvious ideas were conceived of to solve these problems of long-term risks and to get around the psychological barriers imposed by framing biases and psychological biases, in order to allow people to actually manage the risk and to get around moral hazard.

解决方法需要被研究并发掘,来处理长期风险问题,避开由于框架效应,引起的心理障碍，能够使人们真正控制风险,规避道德风险。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选