So, this is known as dualism because the claim is, for humans at least, there are two separate things; there's our material bodies and there's our immaterial minds.

这便是二元论,因为它主张,至少对于人类而言,存在两种独立的成分,即有形的生理客体与无形的心理

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

And so he concluded, "I knew that I was a substance, the whole essence or nature of which is to think, and that for its existence, there is no need of any place nor does it depend on any material thing.

因此,他总结到,"我知道我是个实体,是思考主体的本质或本性,而这种思考主体的存在,无需任何空间,也不依赖于任何有形实体

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选