By the same token, if literature has effects, it must have effects on someone, and this gives rise to the equally interesting and vexing question, "What is a reader?"

同样，如果文学史有影响的，它一定会对某些人产生影响，它也会引出一个同样有趣,而恼人的问题，“读者是谁？“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

So you'd have a patron who would be higher class, richer, more powerful, have some political power, and you would be loyal to your patron, and your patron would then represent you in court, try to get you jobs, try to get you more business, do all the kinds of things that patrons do for their clients.

要找个比你社会地位高，比你有钱有权，有一定政治影响力的庇护人，你也要忠诚于他，庇护人会在法庭上代表你，帮你找工作，帮你介绍生意，各种庇护人为被庇护人做的事。

耶鲁公开课 - 新约课程节选

We've done some research on this in the past and found that men and women differ in the response to that question, and of course, the level of stress matters and even the type of stress people are feeling.

我们曾经就此做过一些研究,发现男人和女人对该问题的回答不一样,当然,压力的程度会有一定影响,而且人们所面对的压力类型也会有影响

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

So, remember all of the little subcommunities that she interacts with have some sort of pain or loss associated with them: the Inamorati Anonymous for example, people who don't want to love.

所以，记住，和她有过相互影响,的那些小区，都有着一定的,痛苦和失落感：,拿“匿名的Inamorati“做例子，那些人不想去爱。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选