If we have a higher z effective, it's pulled in tighter, we have to put in more energy in order to eject an electron, so it turns out that that's why case 2 is actually the lowest energy that we need to put in.

而如果有效核电量更高，原子核的束缚也就更紧，我们不得不输入更多的能量来打出一个电子，这就是第二种情况,所需要输入的,能量更少的原因。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Which of these branches that are available to me, the branches of my life story, which is the one in which the future from here on out ?" holds more pleasure and holds less pain?"

我能得到哪些分支，我的人生故事的分支，从这里起步的哪一种未来,有更多快乐更少痛苦“

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选