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Both his parents are psychologists and he hates these questions and at times he just screws around with us.
他的父母都是心理学家,他恨透了这些问题,所以他会时不时的忽悠我们一下。
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I guess it's, it's attempting to take the, sort of hard science aspects of psychology,
这是试图运用心理学方面的科学知识，
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And the problem is the same sort of dynamic plays itself out even in the scientific debate back and forth.
问题是，心理动力在科学辩论中,也是以相同的方式在进行循环辩证。
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By that I mean psychological framing, and there are many psychologists who talk about this, but notably Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky.
我指的是心理框架，有很多心理学家研究过这个问题，最著名的是丹尼尔·卡内曼和阿莫斯·特沃斯基。
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Israel's acceptance of a relationship with God doesn't stem from mystical introspection, or philosophical speculation, Levenson says.
犹太人接受与上帝的关系并不来自于,神秘的内省，或者是出于投机心理，Levenson说。
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Over the last few years, what started to happen is more and more psychologists have been using brain scans for example; they've been using fMRIs, EEGs, other physiological measures.
过去几年，呈现的情况是越来越多心理学家,使用大脑扫描;,使用功能性磁共振成像，脑电图及其他手段。
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They were physically close to it and psychologically close to it.
身体上和心理上都是如此
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I think it's because of a psychological aversion that people have to thinking about insurance; it's just unpleasant.
我觉得这是由一种心理上的厌恶所导致的,因为人们需要去琢磨保险,这是一件令人不快的事情
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And what she does in the experiment is she poses as a graduate student in clinical psychology who is interviewing male participants ?
她在实验中扮演的,是一个临床心理学的学生,正在访问男性受试者？
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There's a textbook, Peter Gray's Psychology, 5th edition, and there's also a collection of short readings, The Norton Reader edited by Gary Marcus.
我们的教材是,彼得·格雷的《心理学》,第五版,我们的阅读书目是,格雷·马库斯主编的《诺顿读本》
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This is one-- Therapists ask for money for all sorts of reasons, including they like money.
这是一个…,心理医生收钱的原因有很多，其中一个就是他们喜欢钱。
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And So, Descartes used the method of doubt to say there's something really different about having a body that's always uncertain, from having a mind.
因此,笛卡尔运用怀疑方法得出,与拥有不可确定的身体不同,拥有心理是肯定的
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but rather, why is this tiny subset of mental life-- " why is this conscious?
而应该是“为什么心理活动的一小部分-,为什么这一小部分是有意识的？
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That psychology is really hard and somewhat applicable to not just markets, but other things.
那种心理的确是很难理解，而且在一定程度上,它不仅仅适用于市场，也适用于其他事物。
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It's a fact about our minds that doesn't hold true for many other creatures.
它是我们心理营造的事实,对其他的生物并不适用。
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This is one of the most famous experiments in the history of social psychology.
这个实验,是社会心理学史上最有名的实验。
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And this is one of the more interesting sub domains of social psychology.
这是社会心理学一个很有趣的领域。
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Now, what they did was--they were clever psychologists so they set it up in a study where the people did not know sexual orientation was at issue.
他们都是聪明的心理学家,他们设计了一个实验,实验对象并不知道研究的是同性恋问题。
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Rather, the stinkiness of poop is a fact about human psychology.
相反，大便的臭味,是人心理的事实。
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Now, so what you have is- the scientific consensus is that all of mental life including consciousness and emotions and choice and morality are the products of brain activities.
现在你们知道了,现有的科学共识是,所有的心理活动,包括意识,情绪,选择,道德,都是大脑活动的产物
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And the focus of the class will be that.
而课程的重点将会是西方心理学。
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So, the same denigration tends to be more general.
所以这种贬损的心理是非常普遍的。
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And what a case like this, where somebody is in a coma, is without consciousness as a result of damage to the brain, is a stark illustration of the physical nature of mental life.
想象一下这样的情况,某人正陷于昏迷之中,由于脑部损伤而失去了意识,这是心理活动的生理属性毫无修饰的图解
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My background is in psychology and philosophy.
我的背景是心理学和哲学。
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And I have up here--This is a picture of Elizabeth Spelke, who is a developmental psychologist who's developed the most research on looking at babies' looking times and what you could learn from them.
这里是一张伊丽莎白·斯皮克的照片,她是一个发展心理学家,在婴儿注视次数,及其意义方面研究颇多
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There is some research done by the psychologist Judy DeLoache at University of Virginia where she's studying babies' fears of spiders and snakes, babies obviously who, since their parents are normal, have not yet seen spiders and snakes.
这是心理学家朱迪·德洛克的研究,在弗吉尼亚大学,她研究孩子对蜘蛛和蛇的恐惧，孩子们，如果父母是正常人的话，从未见过蜘蛛和蛇。
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Some of the most important fascinating studies in the field of psychology where a person off the street was told by an experimenter to shock another person, even to the point where the other person is screaming to stop.
两者都是心理学领域,最精彩的研究，在街上随便找个人,在实验者的指示去电击另一个人，甚至电击到另一个人尖叫恳求停止。
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The reason is because there are two different approaches to deal with illness: one,the positive psychological approach is that the illness is the absence of health, as opposed to health is the absence of illness.
究其原因，是因为有两种不同的方法,对付疾病，一是积极心理学方法,它指的是，疾病相当于不健康，相对地，健康等于没疾病。
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There's a whole lot of research and this is research, some of which takes place outside psychology departments and in engineering departments and computer science departments, trying to figure out how a computer can do the same things brains can do.
已经存在大量的研究,这其中有些并非是心理学研究人员所做,而是由工程学,以及计算机科学的研究人员所完成的,这些研究试图去探索,计算机究竟如何才能像大脑那样去运行
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I'm putting Freud here but what I mean is well-known defenders of Freud will make some claims like: adult personality traits are shaped by the course of psychosexual development; all dreams are disguised wish fulfillment; psychoanalysis is the best treatment for mental disorders.
我虽然在这里说的是弗洛伊德,其实指的是那些著名的弗洛伊德的拥护者,他们会总结出这样的观点：,成年人的人格特质,是在性心理的发展过程中形成的;,所有的梦境都是愿望满足的伪装;,精神分析是治疗心理障碍的最佳手段。
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