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So thankfully, modern operating systems allow you to put parts of files here, parts of your file here, parts of your file here, but the end result is that your files get fragmented.
因此，谢天谢地，现代操作系统允许你,把这里的文件进行分块，在这里存一部分，在那儿存一部分，但最后的结果是你的文件变成了分片的。
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Like you'll find the history right on the road side or these brothers will have documents, pictures of the history.
就好比，你可以在道路的一侧发现历史遗迹，又或者是这些兄弟们能够为你提供历史图片和文件。
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And this is because as you start writing--saving files to your hard drive, what happens is you might save this file here, then this one, then this one, then this one, but very reasonably you might go back eventually and delete this one.
这是因为当你开始对硬盘驱动器进行读写时,你可以保存一个文件到磁盘的某处，然后再一个，再一个，又一个，最后你可能回到这,并删除这一个文件。
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I don't know if the word is approved but it's--you have to run it by the SEC and then you always have to give that up.
不知道人们对此是否认同,但是你不得不按证交会的规则去办事,不断地提交这类文件
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It's the various programs you run on your computer along with the various data files that you have saved on your hard drive,and so forth.
是你自身这个电脑中运行的各种程序,硬盘存有的各种数据和文件，类似种种。
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I mean it's keeping up on your desk. You can't even see your work.
这些糖果在你桌子上慢慢堆了起来，你都快看不见你的工作文件了。
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This is a keyword to Python that says, when it reads this in the file, it says, I'm creating a definition.
这是Python语言的关键词，当你在文件中读到这个词的时候，它的意思就是我正在创建一个定义。
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so I can tell you how Julius Caesar encoded his things.
我可以告诉你尤里乌斯·凯撒给文件编码的方式。
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So as the particles on the disk that get the current in the read/write head moving put together millions of these magnetized segments and you've got a file.
通过读写头你就可以得到每个粒子的极性,如果把这些上百万粒子的信息,汇聚要一起就够成了一个文件。
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When you're working on a file, it's saving constantly to RAM but also hopefully to disc, the hard disk so you don't actually lose it if the power goes off.
当你打开一个文件，它不断地保存在内存中,但对于光盘，硬盘,当你断开电源的时候，数据不会丢失。
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If you are a public company, the important thing is you have to do all of the disclosure that Louis Brandeis would have liked; you have to file regular forms with the SEC, disclosing information.
作为一家上市公司,你必须公布所有必要信息,就像是路易斯·布兰代斯曾希望的那样,你必须定期向证交会上交文件,披露公司的信息
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Almost everyone in this room has probably had a segfault at some point or core dump where you end up with this random file called core, which recall is just the contents of memory at the time your program crashed.
几乎这个教室里的所有人，在某个时候,都遇到过段错误，或者通过这个core文件的,存储器内核更新，这就是你的内存出现错误,你的程序崩溃掉了。
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So I could -- and the hint here is that looks like you probably do want to use CS50's library because I've included the so-called header file for it.
所以我可以--这里的提示看起来好像,你可能的确想使用CS50的函数库,因为我包含了所谓的头文件。
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But that's not enough because computers at the end 1 of the day only understand 0s and 1s and what you and is clearly not a collection of 0s and 1s.
但是仅仅这样是不够的，计算机,最终只会认识0和,你现在得到的，c的文件显然不是0，1的合集。
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So it's generally called distribution code and whereas for the previous problems that you pretty much started from scratch, blank files you opened up nano and there was nothing there unless you put it there.
它一般被称作分布码，然而,对于之前几乎要从头做起的问题,在空白文件中什么都没有,除非你在里面写入些东西。
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RAM You probably know your computer has something called RAM which is where documents and programs live just temporarily while you're running them 'cause RAM tends to be pretty fast and whereas your hard disk is where programs and files live permanently.
也许你知道电脑有一个,正在使用的程序和文件都暂时存放在那里,而且会加快电脑速度,而硬盘是程序和文件,永久存储的地方。
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This is useful especially when we get to details like forensics and looking at data on a hard drive, - 'cause if you don't know how much store-- how many bits are composing your file, you're never gonna recover that data or be able to access what you're looking for.
这是很有用的，尤其是在法庭上,查看硬盘驱动器里的数据时，如果你连-,文件有多少比特都不知道，你如何去恢复数据,获取你想要的信息呢。
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When you type LS it just lists what's in your current folder, my current folder or my so-called home directory.
当你输入LS时，它会把你当前目录下的文件罗列出来，当前目录或者根目录。
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Because what you don't see in this file is any code a that actually says put a letter of the alphabet at the top left hand corner of the screen and then put the next character to the right in other words, I'm taking for granted at this moment in time that my computer knows how to print something to the screen.
就是这些你在本文件中看不到的一些代码,实现了将首字母,放在屏幕的左上角,然后把其他字母加在其右边，我想当然地认为,我的电脑知道如何打印相应信息到屏幕上。
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So it turns out a really nice shortcut on most systems, oops, is to say if you have a file called hello.c and you wanna turn it into a program called hello, well, make hello just write in the command makeHello and it will do all of that for you automatically and hand you a program called hello.
就是寻找一种能在大多数系统上运行的更快捷的方式，哇！,也就是说，你有一个hello，c的文件,你想把它变成一个名为hello的程序，那么只需要敲入命令,它就会自动为你生成,一个hello程序。
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You write the source code, the stuff that looks like this and then you save your file, and now you just have a text file.
比如你们写出像这样的源代码后,保存，你将会得到一个文本文件。
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A TSV file, tab-separated values uses the same thing but a tab character, if you wanna output an actual tab character, the result of hitting the tab key, \t you do use backslash T. That's so those kinds of files are made.
而TSV文件，“制表符分隔“文件,顾名思义，就是用制表符来分隔每一列，如果你想输出一个真正的制表符，点击tab键，你也可以用,这就是那些文件的形成方式。
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LS And what very often happens if you do an LS in your account, to list your files, there's a whole lot of stuff in here at the moment -- and I don't have it here - but what you'll often see -- I'll just fake this demo -- is a file called core.
经常发生的是，如果你用你的账号做一个，来列出你的文件，此刻这里有一大堆元素,-它不在这里,但你们将经常看到--我将篡改这个演示-,是一个叫做core的文件。
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But if you've looked at more recent or if you've looked at friends who relatively recently signed ID up for Facebook, their profile IDs which you sometimes see in the URL are actually pretty long and that's because I believe at some point they did transition longlong to 64-bit values which tend to be called long longs.
但是如果你看过最近的【听不见】,如果你访问了最近在Facebook上留言的朋友,你会发现，可以从URL上看到他们的配置文件,很长很长，那是因为,可能在某个时间点，他们已经过渡到,64比特了，也就是所谓的。
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And if you haven't yourself dived into your own problem set zero, whose PDFs are available online, realize that if something like this, given that it's a minute or so long, kind of looks you know, despite the cutesiness of it, kind of overwhelming in that you don't really know where to begin, how could you possibly sketch out this whole story line.
如果你还没有真正沉下心来,看习题集0，网上可以提供这些PDF文件，好好地感受一下像这样的东西，假定只有一分钟左右这么长,先不管它外表看起来是否可爱,也不管它让人无从下手的压迫感,你怎样才能勾勒出,整个故事最初的框架呢？
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