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So the Romans were only concerned about religions when it looked like those religions were going to cause political problems.
所以罗马人只有在宗教会引起政治问题时,才会插手干涉。
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The centrality Aristotle ascribes to politics forces us to consider another question ? namely what is the purpose of this study?
亚里士多德加到政治中的,中心论点迫使我们考虑另一个问题,即这门研究的目的为何？
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And there're different people who have different tastes about what you do with this piece and that piece of land how do you approach this political issue and that issue.
不同的人有不同的喜好,在应该对这一国及那一国实行何种策略的问题上,在如何解决这一以及其它政治问题上意见都不同。
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While America has been preoccupied with Iraq and Afghanistan, what new geo-political developments formation of alliances, etc.
当美国正忙于伊拉克问题,和阿富汗问题时，在地缘政治发展方面,如建立联盟，等等。
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For those of you who are History majors or Political Science majors, that's more of an issue.
对于主修历史或者,政治学的同学,就需要多考虑一些问题了
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You'll notice too from the syllabus that we don't only read these books; we also take up contemporary, political, and legal controversies that raise philosophical questions.
在教学大纲中还能看到,我们不仅要读这些著作;,还会探讨当代政治及法律争议,所引发的诸多哲学问题。
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European governments have taken stronger action against genetically modified foods than is the case of the American government and there is a very interesting political history to this.
与美国政府相比,欧洲政府,实施了更强硬手段来,限制转基因食品,而这其中包含了有趣的政治历史问题
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The subject of the debate has been the nature of the fallen angels' political future: essentially, the question is where do we go from here? Moloch, you'll remember, is the military general who will risk absolutely anything for revenge.
辩论的主题是,堕落天使政治前途的本来面目：，关键问题在于,我们从这里要走向何方？，你们记得莫洛克吧，他是一位将军，愿不惜一切代价复仇。
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There was a conditional agreement: yes, Norway should manage this oil risk but it's politically difficult and that's the problem-- is that we're not able to do our optimal management.
他们在一定程度上同意我的观点：,是的，挪威应该设法解决石油的风险,但这在政治上很困难,其问题在于-,挪威无法做到最优的管理。
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In Pynchon, often, these are somehow social details about people talking to other people, political things, places, and how houses are arranged.
在Pynchon的书中一般是社会生活的细节,比如说人们的交谈，政治问题，地点或是房屋的布置。
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I don't believe that. So the question is, what kind of unity was he expecting ? of philosophy and politics?
我绝不相信所以问题是，他期待何种结合发生在,哲学与政治之间？
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What are its methods? This is a question asked you might say of every mature science.
我们如何教育一位潜在的政治家,其方法为何？这个问题。
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What are these problems that constitute ? the subject matter of the study of politics?
是哪些问题,组成政治研究的题材？
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It seems like it's not a news flash that religion is playing an extremely important part in our public square conversations, in our political life, in how we are making decisions on questions of poverty.
这似乎并非一条简讯,宗教发挥着极其重要的作用,在我们在公共场所的谈话中，在我们的政治生活中，在我们如何针对贫困问题做出决策。
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This is in many ways for Socrates the fundamental political question of all times.
这在很多层面上对苏格拉底,都是基本的恒时政治问题。
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Let me start today : by asking the question "? "what is political philosophy?"
今天一开始,我要问个问题,“什么是政治哲学“
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What are the questions that ? political scientists try to answer?
哪些问题,是政治科学家试图作答的？
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Again one of the oldest questions of political science very rarely asked by the political science of today that is very skeptical of the language of statesmanship.
再者，其中一个最古老的政治科学问题,今日的政治科学鲜少有人问到的是,政治语言极度深不可测,以其最古老的意义来看。
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Those are some of the most basic and fundamental problems of the study of politics but ? you might say where does one enter this debate?
这些是政治研究,最基本与基础的问题，但,你们可能会说，那人们要从哪切入这场辩论呢？
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I want to look at a famous application from politics.
一个政治领域中著名的立场选择问题
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There's an interesting set of politics that were involved in the creation of this pyramid that we'll talk about as well in a subsequent class, but this is the reigning version of the pyramid.
这个金字塔的建立,涉及了一些有趣的政治问题,我们将会在以后的课程中加以讨论,不过这已经是目前最流行的版本了
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Another way of saying that, stop me if this is wrong, but one way to say that is we've been assuming that politics is one dimensional, left/right and there might be other things involved: character or even among issues, even among political issues it could be more than one dimension.
换句话说就是,如果我说错了请纠正,换种说法就是,我们把政治假定为单一维度的,非左即右,然而它还涉及其他方面,比如性格问题,即使政治事务的处理也不是单一维度的
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Every regime is an answer consciously or not to the oldest political question of all ? who governs? Who should govern?
每一个政体都是答案，无论是否有此自觉,每一个都是最古老政治问题的答案,由谁统治？谁该被统治？
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So political philosophy is not just some kind of strange historical appendage attached to the trunk of political science; it is constitutive of its deepest problems.
所以政治哲学并非只是,奇怪的历史附属,依挂在政治科学的大主干上;,它是其最深层问题的本质。
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Socrates' disillusion of that very framework,challenges, it seems to me, the very possibility of political life by questioning the question or the distinction between friend and enemy.
苏格拉底,对这个框架的醒悟，在我看来，挑战了政治生活的可能性,就在他提问,或区别友与敌的问题时。
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In many ways for Aristotle as it is for every student of politics the most serious the most difficult issue one confronts is the problem of faction.
从很多方面看来，无论是对亚里士多德,还是每位政治系的同学而言,最令人最感严肃,与严重的问题,是派系的问题。
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Even while Aristotle may deny that there is a single method appropriate to the study of politics he proposes a set of common questions that political scientists have to address.
且总是时有变迁，虽然亚里士多德,可能否定有单一方法适合研究政治,但他却也提出一套通用的问题,政治科学家必需加以探讨。
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We relied on plitical polling and political advice to decide what issue to emphasize, how to talk about it, what region of the country to talk about it and so on.
政治上有时会依靠民意测验,和政治建议帮助我们作决定,该强调什么问题，怎么讨论，在国家的哪个地区讨论它,诸如此类。
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Rather the great works provide us so to speak with a repository of fundamental or permanent questions that political scientists still continue to rely on in their work.
而不是靠巨著来回答,这么来说吧，大量基本或永恒的问题,同时也是政治科学家,仍持续在其著作中所倚赖的根本。
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This is a problem that we will see considerably later in the term that vexes a very important political thinker by the name of Hobbes about whether an individual can somehow put their own sense of conscience or moral integrity even above the law.
这是个我们,稍后会仔细探讨的问题,也是让这位重要政治思想家,贺伯斯大力争论的问题,他质疑个人,是否可以将其自身的道义感,或道德正直置于法律之上。
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