It used to be that government officials were all picked by political patronage and they, very often, were incompetent.

过去政府官员,通常都是走后门进来的,他们经常都是不称职的。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Even though decentralized England expands its bureaucracy and collected taxes much more efficiently than across the channel in France, state-making involved more officials there.

即使是在分权的英国 官僚政府也日益扩大,他们比海峡对岸的法国有着更多苛捐杂税,现代国家的形成需要更多的官员

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Because not only the NSA homeland security, the governors, members of congress, cabinet officers.

因为不仅仅国家安全顾问,国土安全，政府官员，国会议员，内阁官员都想见总统。

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选

That means, we started to learn management science in the government, so that government--and also in corporations-- so they could manage effectively.

这意味着政府部门的官员,开始学习管理科学，公司里也是一样-,他们可以有效管理。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

So, part of the whole process is the elimination of these these municipal privileges and replacing municipal officials, to make a long story short, with people that they have appointed.

他们采取的一个办法,就是取消那些地方政府的特权,更换本土官员,简而言之,就是以近臣取而代之

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

The Office of the White House Chief of Staff is the highest office, and the Chief of Staff is the highest ranking member of the executive office of the president of the United States.

白宫办公厅是,最高级别的政府机关，而办公厅主任是,美国总统行政办公室,级别最高的官员。

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选