Even though decentralized England expands its bureaucracy and collected taxes much more efficiently than across the channel in France, state-making involved more officials there.

即使是在分权的英国 官僚政府也日益扩大,他们比海峡对岸的法国有着更多苛捐杂税,现代国家的形成需要更多的官员

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Now, the Renaissance city-states of Italy had relatively efficient administrations, to be sure.

有一点应该明确,文艺复兴时期时,意大利的城邦国家就已经出现了相对高效的官僚政府

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选