The idea of having the liberty to say whatever comes to our lips sounds to Plato like a kind of blasphemy.

拥有随意脱口而出,自由的概念,听在柏拉图耳中却像是一种亵渎。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

It's an everyday occurrence that we can think and reason and feel and be creative, or choose otherwise and have free will.

我们能思考推理,感知创造,或能做出不同的选择,拥有自由意志,都是每天存在的事

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Libertarian wants to say we have an absolute property right in ourselves and therefore, we can do with ourselves whatever we want.

自由主义者认为我们对自身拥有绝对所有权,因此，我们能做任何自己想做的事。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

In other words, liberty for the ancients was a collective good, the liberty, as he says, to resist or invade other people.

也就是说，古人的自由是集体的自由,是他们这个集体拥有抵抗和入侵他人的自由，而非每个个体。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

And his basic rights were seen to be absolute, for nothing must interfere with the right of each individual to defend his life, liberty, and property.

人的基本权利被视作每个个体都绝对拥有的,任何事物都无法干涉的,自卫,自由,财产的权利

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Perhaps because they have become wise in that they have learned they have moral choice. They have free will, they can defy God and God's plans for them in a way that animals and natural phenomena cannot.

也许是因为，他们在拥有智慧以后,明白他们有道德选择，他们有自由的意愿,可以反抗上帝为他们决定的命运,而这些事动物和自然无法做到的。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

We have free will.

我们拥有自由意志

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

But as many of you know, and certainly you will find out here, they had pretty clear ideas of who ought to have those individual liberties and who would not, who indeed were born equal and who were not.

但是正如你们许多人知道的,当然你们在这里也会发现,他们非常清楚,谁该拥有这种个人自由,而谁不该,哪些人天生就是平等的,而哪些人不是

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

If you go back to the Declaration of Independence, it doesn't say: "We Americans believe these truths to be self-evident. " It says: "We believe these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, and all men are entitled to life liberty and the pursuit of happyness."

如果你回头再看看独立宣言，上面并没有说：,美国人相信,这些都是不言而喻的真理“,上面所说的是，我们相信这些真理不言而喻，从而,人人平等，所有人都拥有,人身自由，都有追求幸福的权利“

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选

The fact that we've got free will is something that most of us take for granted about ourselves.

我们拥有自由意志这一事实,被大多数人认为理所应当

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

If a deterministic system could nonetheless have free will, we could still be purely physical systems.

如果一个决定论系统能在此情况下,仍然拥有自由意志,我们仍可能只是纯粹的物理系统

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

But since we've got free will, we must be something more than a merely physical object.

但由于我们拥有自由意志,我们必定不只是纯粹的物理对象

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

But that sense of collective liberty, the freedom to resist or invade is, in fact, even opposed to the modern idea of liberty that Hobbes proposes.

事实上，这种拥有抵抗，或是入侵他人的集体自由,与霍布斯提出的现代自由是相悖的。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The physical basis for everything that we normally hold dear, like free will, consciousness, morality and emotions, and that's what we'll begin the course with, talking about how a physical thing can give rise to mental life.

我们所拥有的一切的生理基础,如自由意志,意识,道德和情绪,我们的课程将会以此作为开始,讨论生理的东西如何能产生心理活动

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So even if determinism were true of us, that wouldn't rule out our having free will, because you can-- appearances to the contrary notwithstanding-- have both determinism and free will.

所以即使我们真的服从于决定论,那也不能排除我们有自由意志的可能,因为你能,尽管表面看来并非如此,同时遵从决定论和拥有自由意志

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So he moves, as the libertarians later would move, from the idea that we own ourselves, that we have property in our persons to the closely connected idea that we own our own labor.

因此他更进一步，自由主义者此后也将如此，从自我拥有的观点，从我们拥有自我所有权，更进一步,到与之紧密关联的，我们拥有自己劳动的观点。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

I've gone through a series of such arguments, and the one that we ended with last time was the suggestion that we need to believe in the existence of a soul in order to explain the fact that we've got free will.

我已经讲过一系列这样的论证,上次课结束时我提到的一个论证认为,我们只有相信灵魂存在,才能解释我们拥有自由意志这一事实

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

For the ancients, liberty meant living in a self-governing republic, living in a republic in which everyone again took some share in the ruling offices.

古人认为自由即意味着,生活在一个拥有自治权的共和国里，一个人人都有机会,治理国家的地方。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

How is it that some people came to acquire this capacity for rational self-control that is necessary for freedom ? and others seem to lack it?

为何有些人,会拥有这种理性自控的能力,那也是自由的必备条件,但有些人却似乎不具备这种能力？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

If we accept compatibilism, we'll be able to say, "Look, maybe we have free will and determinism is true of us; but for all that, we're still just purely physical systems."

如果我们接受相容主义,我们就能说,看啊,或许我们拥有自由意志,而决定论也适用于我们,但尽管如此,我们仍旧只是纯粹的物理系统

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

If determinism isn't true of us at the fundamental level, then even if you couldn't both have determinism and free will, we could still have free will, and yet, for all that, still be purely physical systems.

如果决定论在基础水平上不适用于我们,那即使你不能,同时遵从决定论和拥有自由意志,我们仍能拥有自由意志,而且,尽管如此,我们仍旧属于纯粹的物理系统

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

We've got free will.

我们拥有自由的意志

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So even if it does turn out that you can't have free will and determinism, that doesn't rule out the possibility that we are purely physical objects, because not all purely physical systems are subject to determinism.

因此即使最终证实,你不能同时拥有自由意志和遵从决定论,也不能排除我们是纯粹,物理实体的可能性,因为并不是所有的纯粹物理系统,都遵从决定论

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选