Now these ideas of classes, object-oriented programming, data abstraction, are about 40 years old, they're not new ideas.

面向对象编程的概念，数据抽象的概念，都是40年前就有的老东西了。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

They began with an abstract thought, discussed it, reminded each other of another abstract point forgotten in the rush of events.

他们从一个抽象的想法开始讨论，相互提醒着在匆忙中,被遗忘的另一个抽象概念。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

An idea of abstraction, that idea of specification, is exactly what we want to use inside of our functions.

抽象的概念，规格化的概念,就是我们想要运用到。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

Now, it's not my purpose here to try to argue for or against Platonism with regard to abstract entities.

我的目的不是,试图去辩护或者反对,柏拉图哲学中的抽象实体这个概念

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So there's a lot of power in this, both engagement and both allowing students to get conceptual understandings of things that are very hard to understand and they're abstract.

所以这是很强大的，不论是参与性,还是使学生能更好,理解那些,很难的概念,很抽象的概念。

麻省理工公开课 - 媒体、教育、市场课程节选

The sovereign is not the direct expression of my will or your will, but rather an abstraction from my natural desire to rule myself.

君主制不是对我的，或者你的意志的直接表达,不如说是一种抽象概念,是源于自己统治自己的自然愿望。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The state was an abstraction, but in the person of the czar it was a reality.

国家" 只是个抽象概念,但沙皇这个人是真实存在的

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

There's no language in the world that you just cannot talk about abstract things with.

世界上并不存在,无法谈论抽象概念的语言

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

This is not just some abstract thing going on in a class in Yale.

这不仅仅是耶鲁课堂上的抽象概念

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

All right, so that notion of abstraction and we're going to come back to multiple times -- during the term-- and it's not just abstraction, -- it's the idea of a specification.

现在就试试,这就是抽象的概念,我回过来说，我们将要多次提到这个术语。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

Given the abstraction, the notion of a point as an instance with some values, I can now start building segments.

真的很有帮助，基于这个抽象,点的概念也就是一个，有一些值的实例。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

And just to look ahead a little bit, you could easily imagine that I might want to not just put a statement in there, what the specs are, I might want to put some constraints. Some specific things to check for, to make sure that you're calling the code right.

这不仅是抽象的概念还有规范的概念，我们再往前看看,你可以简单的想象得到，我不仅仅是想在这里加一个声明,这些规范说明中我还想加一些约束，我们要注意一些特殊的事情。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

So, they make their personal or dynastic rule absolute based on loyalty to them as individuals and not to the state as some sort of abstraction.

所以,君主将个人或者王朝的绝对统治,建立在［民众］对其统治家族的忠诚,而非国家这样的抽象概念上

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选