At some point, maybe a week later, four to eight days later, you would start to see antibody levels rise.

之后,或许一周之后,四天到八天之间,就可以看到抗体的浓度开始上升

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If you did that what would happen is you would see antibody levels rise even more sharply than before.

如果这么做,会发生什么,与第一次接种相比,抗体浓度急剧上升

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One is there's no lag period, notice that antibody levels start rising right away after the second exposure.

第一是没有迟滞期,请注意,抗体浓度迅速上升,在第二次接触抗原时

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Now, we're not thinking about total antibody concentration because you already have a lot of antibodies circulating within your blood and in your fluids.

现在,我们先不考虑抗体总浓度,因为你的体内已存在许多抗体,在血液以及体液中循环

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Those levels would reach a plateau after some period of time, maybe after a couple of weeks and then they would begin to decline again.

在一段时间后,抗体浓度将达到峰值,峰值大约出现在几周之后,之后,抗体浓度将开始下降

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There's a lag phase, there's a slow rise to an intermediate level of antibody.

会有迟滞期,在该时期,抗体浓度缓慢到达中间水平

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If this was tetanus, you got this tetanus vaccine when you were young; you get a boost every five or ten years because your antibody levels are starting to fall.

以破伤风为例,小时候,你接种过破伤风的疫苗,每隔五年或十年要再接种一次,这是因为体内的抗体浓度会下降

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If there were just-- if you were trying to create a positive reaction of antigens and it showed up naturally wouldn't it create this reaction anyway in terms of your body would create antibodies like the secondary response volume to antibodies?

如果这里仅有,如果在自然条件下,尝试建立抗原的阳性反应,抗体这是否会像这样反应,以你身体为例,你的身体是否会产生,同二次免疫一样的抗体浓度

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Now, if I was a person that was designing a vaccine and I noticed that this was the response that it got, that antibodies were produced, they reached some intermediate level, they started to fall, I would say, "Well I haven't stimulated the immune system enough, let me re-boost, let me give another dose of antigen."

现在,如果我正在研究一种疫苗,我注意到机体会对这种疫苗产生应答,也就是会产生抗体,当抗体浓度达到中等水平后,就开始下降,就可以说,疫苗对免疫系统刺激还不足,我需要提高抗原浓度,让我再把剂量再加大一倍

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So, this is several months and this logarithmic scale on the Y-axis represents antibody concentration.

这是在几个月内,这里使用的是对数刻度,Y轴代表的是抗体的浓度

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If you looked at the antibodies that were present in the blood, for example, you would find that most of those antibodies are IgM during this initial period of antibody concentration rise.

如果你现在观察血液中存在的抗体,举个例子,在初次免疫的抗体浓度上升阶段,你将会发现大部分的抗体都是IgM

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