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those of you who want to come with me that you now find in The Norton and other books.
当然我们会去那儿的，想去的人可以和我一起,看到早期手稿的版本。
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If it ever did have an author's name attached to it, we don't have any evidence in the manuscript history.
如果它曾经写有作者的名字，那么原始手稿里没有任何证据。
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The manuscripts we find from this period are full of marginal notes where the scholars are chiding each other and saying, "No, no, no. It can't be that way."
我们找到了有大量旁注的手稿,学者们相互争论，互不服气“
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If you go and look at them, it's quite interesting.
另外两份手稿。
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We know that because they also have a writing which we can read, and it speaks of it as well as the archeological remains that show destruction.
他们有文字,所以我们能了解这些内容,手稿和古代遗址一起,诠释了那场劫难
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Their first form was very often a manuscript.
它们最初都只是抄写的手稿。
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Brown in fact he has the next slide please.
其手稿在下一张幻灯片上
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We don't, of course, have any original copies of these materials as they came off the pen of whoever it was who was writing them, and in fact before the middle of the twentieth century, our oldest manuscripts and fragments of manuscripts of the Bible dated to the year 900.
我们当然没有任何最早时期那些笔者的,手稿，而且事实上,在20世纪中期之前我们有的最古老的手稿,和手稿碎片都是公元900年时候的。
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So the manuscript tradition suggests that it was a letter that was a circular letter in itself.
所以原来的手稿表明,它是一封传阅书信。
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It actually just means "written stuff," from the Latin.
拉丁语的原意为“手稿“
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This is the original scroll version.
而这本是最初版，完全照手稿印出来的。
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That is not true for Crete because, although they had a script-- and we have available to us tablets with those writings on them-- to this day no one has deciphered the language written by the Minoans.
不过对于克里特来说不行,因为,虽然他们的确有一些手稿存世...,我们能够看到这些写着字的残片,不过直到今天,没有一个人能破译米诺斯文明的文字
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But you can look at manuscripts of the early eleventh century and see people singing Ps and Ls and Os and Ms and things like that.
但是大家可以看看,十一世纪初的手稿,可以看到那时有人在唱P,以及L,O和M之类的
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